CAJ | 학술논문

不同波长的光刺激对眼球的生长发育有不同的影响,其中短波长的蓝光发挥抑制作用.研究能否用蓝光刺激来干扰近视的进展对近视的防治研究有重要意义. 目的观察短波长蓝光照射对豚鼠单眼形觉剥夺性近视(FDM)模型眼各生物学参数变化及巩膜组织改变的作用.方法将36只2周龄豚鼠饲养在白光环境中,右眼用面罩遮盖法建立FDM模型,然后用随机数字表法将豚鼠分为去剥夺+蓝光照射组、单纯去剥夺组和持续剥夺组.其中去剥夺+蓝光照射组16只豚鼠每日定时右眼解除遮盖1h,去剥夺期间,给予波长430 nm蓝光照射；单纯去剥夺组12只豚鼠,每日定时右眼解除遮盖1h；持续剥夺组8只豚鼠饲养在白光环境中.实验后4周用A型超声测量各组豚鼠的前房深度(ACD)、晶状体厚度(LT)及玻璃体腔深度(VCD),在扩瞳状态下用检影法测量豚鼠眼屈光度.实验结束时各组取2只豚鼠,质量分数10％水合氯醛麻醉后摘除眼球,制作视网膜病理标本.其他豚鼠麻醉后迅速取鼻侧距视神经根部1 mm处巩膜,称量并计算巩膜干质量.结果实验开始时3个组间豚鼠右眼的屈光度、ACD、LT及VCD的差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).实验4周后,去剥夺+蓝光照射组、单纯去剥夺组和持续剥夺组豚鼠右眼的屈光度分别为(+1.11±0.17)、(+0.90±0.1 5)和(-2.73±0.19)D,差异有统计学意义(F=1 445.470,P=0.000)；VCD分别为(3.70±0.09)、(3.78±0.11)和(3.91±0.08) mm,差异有统计学意义(F=13.243,P＜0.01);3个组豚鼠的巩膜干质量分别为(0.61±0.09)、(0.54±0.08)和(0.43±0.07) mg,差异有统计学意义(F=10.458,P＜0.01)；而3个组间ACD、LT的差异均无统计学意义(F=0.203、0.084,P＞0.05).实验开始时,3个组间豚鼠左眼屈光度、ACD、LT及VCD的差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05),实验4周后,3个组间左眼屈光度的差异有统计学意义(F=23.136,P=0.000),其中持续剥夺组屈光度改变更为明显,与去剥夺+蓝光照射组、单纯去剥夺组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05)；但3个组间ACD、LT、VCD和巩膜干质量的比较差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).各组豚鼠左眼视网膜形态正常,去剥夺+蓝光照射组豚鼠右眼视网膜结构正常,单纯去剥夺组右眼视网膜稍变薄,各层排列清晰,而持续剥夺组右眼视网膜明显变薄,光感受器外节膜盘萎缩,细胞排列紊乱.结论在眼球发育生长期,蓝光刺激可以阻止后极部巩膜的变薄,缓解玻璃体腔延长的趋势,进而减缓FDM的进展,但不能完全抑制FDM状态,同时430 nm蓝光每天照射1h不会引起视网膜的光损伤性变化. 不同波長的光刺激對眼毬的生長髮育有不同的影響,其中短波長的藍光髮揮抑製作用.研究能否用藍光刺激來榦擾近視的進展對近視的防治研究有重要意義. 目的觀察短波長藍光照射對豚鼠單眼形覺剝奪性近視(FDM)模型眼各生物學參數變化及鞏膜組織改變的作用.方法將36隻2週齡豚鼠飼養在白光環境中,右眼用麵罩遮蓋法建立FDM模型,然後用隨機數字錶法將豚鼠分為去剝奪+藍光照射組、單純去剝奪組和持續剝奪組.其中去剝奪+藍光照射組16隻豚鼠每日定時右眼解除遮蓋1h,去剝奪期間,給予波長430 nm藍光照射；單純去剝奪組12隻豚鼠,每日定時右眼解除遮蓋1h；持續剝奪組8隻豚鼠飼養在白光環境中.實驗後4週用A型超聲測量各組豚鼠的前房深度(ACD)、晶狀體厚度(LT)及玻璃體腔深度(VCD),在擴瞳狀態下用檢影法測量豚鼠眼屈光度.實驗結束時各組取2隻豚鼠,質量分數10％水閤氯醛痳醉後摘除眼毬,製作視網膜病理標本.其他豚鼠痳醉後迅速取鼻側距視神經根部1 mm處鞏膜,稱量併計算鞏膜榦質量.結果實驗開始時3箇組間豚鼠右眼的屈光度、ACD、LT及VCD的差異均無統計學意義(均P＞0.05).實驗4週後,去剝奪+藍光照射組、單純去剝奪組和持續剝奪組豚鼠右眼的屈光度分彆為(+1.11±0.17)、(+0.90±0.1 5)和(-2.73±0.19)D,差異有統計學意義(F=1 445.470,P=0.000)；VCD分彆為(3.70±0.09)、(3.78±0.11)和(3.91±0.08) mm,差異有統計學意義(F=13.243,P＜0.01);3箇組豚鼠的鞏膜榦質量分彆為(0.61±0.09)、(0.54±0.08)和(0.43±0.07) mg,差異有統計學意義(F=10.458,P＜0.01)；而3箇組間ACD、LT的差異均無統計學意義(F=0.203、0.084,P＞0.05).實驗開始時,3箇組間豚鼠左眼屈光度、ACD、LT及VCD的差異均無統計學意義(均P＞0.05),實驗4週後,3箇組間左眼屈光度的差異有統計學意義(F=23.136,P=0.000),其中持續剝奪組屈光度改變更為明顯,與去剝奪+藍光照射組、單純去剝奪組比較差異均有統計學意義(均P＜0.05)；但3箇組間ACD、LT、VCD和鞏膜榦質量的比較差異均無統計學意義(均P＞0.05).各組豚鼠左眼視網膜形態正常,去剝奪+藍光照射組豚鼠右眼視網膜結構正常,單純去剝奪組右眼視網膜稍變薄,各層排列清晰,而持續剝奪組右眼視網膜明顯變薄,光感受器外節膜盤萎縮,細胞排列紊亂.結論在眼毬髮育生長期,藍光刺激可以阻止後極部鞏膜的變薄,緩解玻璃體腔延長的趨勢,進而減緩FDM的進展,但不能完全抑製FDM狀態,同時430 nm藍光每天照射1h不會引起視網膜的光損傷性變化.
불동파장적광자격대안구적생장발육유불동적영향,기중단파장적람광발휘억제작용.연구능부용람광자격래간우근시적진전대근시적방치연구유중요의의. 목적 관찰단파장람광조사대돈서단안형각박탈성근시(FDM)모형안각생물학삼수변화급공막조직개변적작용.방법 장36지2주령돈서사양재백광배경중,우안용면조차개법건립FDM모형,연후용수궤수자표법장돈서분위거박탈+람광조사조、단순거박탈조화지속박탈조.기중거박탈+람광조사조16지돈서매일정시우안해제차개1h,거박탈기간,급여파장430 nm람광조사；단순거박탈조12지돈서,매일정시우안해제차개1h；지속박탈조8지돈서사양재백광배경중.실험후4주용A형초성측량각조돈서적전방심도(ACD)、정상체후도(LT)급파리체강심도(VCD),재확동상태하용검영법측량돈서안굴광도.실험결속시각조취2지돈서,질량분수10％수합록철마취후적제안구,제작시망막병리표본.기타돈서마취후신속취비측거시신경근부1 mm처공막,칭량병계산공막간질량.결과 실험개시시3개조간돈서우안적굴광도、ACD、LT급VCD적차이균무통계학의의(균P＞0.05).실험4주후,거박탈+람광조사조、단순거박탈조화지속박탈조돈서우안적굴광도분별위(+1.11±0.17)、(+0.90±0.1 5)화(-2.73±0.19)D,차이유통계학의의(F=1 445.470,P=0.000)；VCD분별위(3.70±0.09)、(3.78±0.11)화(3.91±0.08) mm,차이유통계학의의(F=13.243,P＜0.01);3개조돈서적공막간질량분별위(0.61±0.09)、(0.54±0.08)화(0.43±0.07) mg,차이유통계학의의(F=10.458,P＜0.01)；이3개조간ACD、LT적차이균무통계학의의(F=0.203、0.084,P＞0.05).실험개시시,3개조간돈서좌안굴광도、ACD、LT급VCD적차이균무통계학의의(균P＞0.05),실험4주후,3개조간좌안굴광도적차이유통계학의의(F=23.136,P=0.000),기중지속박탈조굴광도개변경위명현,여거박탈+람광조사조、단순거박탈조비교차이균유통계학의의(균P＜0.05)；단3개조간ACD、LT、VCD화공막간질량적비교차이균무통계학의의(균P＞0.05).각조돈서좌안시망막형태정상,거박탈+람광조사조돈서우안시망막결구정상,단순거박탈조우안시망막초변박,각층배렬청석,이지속박탈조우안시망막명현변박,광감수기외절막반위축,세포배렬문란.결론 재안구발육생장기,람광자격가이조지후겁부공막적변박,완해파리체강연장적추세,진이감완FDM적진전,단불능완전억제FDM상태,동시430 nm람광매천조사1h불회인기시망막적광손상성변화.
Background Light stimulation at different wavelength influences the development of eyes.It has been showed that blue light can inhibit the growth of eyeball.To study whether blue light exposure can delay the extension of myopia is an interested research project.Objective This study was to investigate the effect of blue light with short wavelength on ocular growth in form deprived myopia (FDM) in guinea pigs and provide a new option for the prevention and treatment of myopia.Methods Thirty-six 2-week-old guinea pigs were reared in the environment of white light.The right eyes of the animals were occluded to establish the FDM models.The models were randomized into the deocclusion + blue light exposure group,simple deocclusion group and continuous occlusion group according to the random number table.The right eyes of the models were deoccluded for 1 hour per day to give the blue light (430 nm) irradiation in the deocclusion + blue light exposure group,and the right eyes were deoccluded for 1 hour per day only in the simple deocclusion group.In the continuous occlusion group,the right eyes of the models were occluded until the end of this experiment.Anterior chamber depth (ACD),lens thickness (LT) and vitreous cavity depth (VCD) were measured by A-type sonography.The binocular diopter of the guinea pigs was detected using retinoscopy in the mydriatic condition.In the fourth week after experiment,the retinal sections were prepared for the regular histopathological examination,and the scleral tissues next to 1 mm from optical nerve were exacted to obtain the dry weight of scleral tissues.Results In the right eyes of the animals,no significant differences were found in the diopter,ACD,LT and VCD before experiment among the 3 groups (all at P＞0.05).At the end of experiment,the refraction of right eye in the deocclusion + blue light exposure group,simple deocclusion group and continuous occlusion group was (+1.11±0.17)D,(+0.90±0.15)D and (-2.73±0.19)D respectively,with a significant difference among them (F=1 445.470,P=0.000).The VCD in the three groups was (3.70±0.09) mm,(3.78±0.11) mm and (3.91 ± 0.08) mm,respectively,showing a significant difference (F =13.243,P＜0.01).In addition,the dry weight of sclera tissues was (0.61 ±0.09)mg in the deocclusion + blue light exposure group,(0.54± 0.08)mg in the simple deocclusion group and (0.43 ± 0.07)mg in the continuous occlusion group,with a significant difference among the 3 groups (F=10.458,P＜0.01).However,there were no significant differences in the ACD and LT among the 3 groups (F=0.203,0.084,both at P＞0.05).Moreover,in the left eyes,no significant differences were found in the diopter,ACD,LT and VCD before experiment among the 3 groups (all at P＞0.05);while at the end of the experiment,the diopter of the continuous occlusion group was significantly lower than that of the deocclusion + blue light exposure group and simple deocclusion group (all at P＜0.05).No significant differences were seen in the ACD,LT,VCD and dry weight of sclera among the 3 groups (all at P＞0.05).Retinal structure was normal in the left eyes of various groups.However,the retinas were thinner in the right eyes of the deocclusion + blue light exposure group with clear layers; while atrophy of the outer segment of photoreceptor and disorder of cell arrangement were seen in the right eyes of the continuous occlusion group.Conclusions During sensitive period of visual development,blue light stimulation can arrest the extension of posterior sclera and elongation of vitreous cavity,which restrains development of myopia.This blue light at the wavelength of 430 nm is safe to retina.