中华实验眼科杂志
中華實驗眼科雜誌
중화실험안과잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
2013年
10期
978-982
,共5页
刘志英%高伟%马茹来%崔巍
劉誌英%高偉%馬茹來%崔巍
류지영%고위%마여래%최외
沙眼%患病率%中小学生%流行病学调查%蒙古族%汉族
沙眼%患病率%中小學生%流行病學調查%矇古族%漢族
사안%환병솔%중소학생%류행병학조사%몽고족%한족
Trachoma%Morbidity%Primary and secondary student%Epidemiological investigation%Mongolian nationality%Han nationality
背景 沙眼是临床上常见的感染性眼病之一,其患病率与地域、经济和卫生条件明显相关.了解一个地区的沙眼流行情况对于该地区沙眼的防治具有重要意义. 目的 对赤峰市克什克腾旗中小学生沙眼流行情况进行流行病学调查,为内蒙古防盲、治盲工作的进一步完善提供科学依据.方法 采用横断面流行病学研究设计.用整群随机抽样的方法,从克什克腾旗城镇和农牧区随机抽取10所中小学校的学生共2067人,其中男1061人,女1006人；年龄6～17岁,平均(12.53±2.31)岁；汉族1768人,蒙古族299人；农牧区1209人,城镇858人.采集内容包括受检者的一般情况及与沙眼相关的生活背景.眼部检查参照1987年WHO制定的沙眼简化分级标准,对学生的视力、眼睑、结膜和角膜组织进行检查,并逐项进行详细记录.采取现场问卷调查和眼科检查的方法,对赤峰市克什克腾旗中小学生沙眼患病率进行统计,探讨该地区沙眼患病率与中小学生年龄、性别、民族和生活环境等的关系.结果 按抽样比例10.05％共随机抽取中小学生2153人,实际接受检查者2067人,受检应答率为96％.受检者中临床诊断为沙眼者有972例,患病率为47.0％.6～8岁、9～11岁、12 ～ 14岁和15 ～ 17岁年龄组调查结果表明,沙眼患病率随年龄增长而呈现上升趋势,各年龄组沙眼患病率比较；差异有统计学意义(x2=11.043,P=0.011),且浸润性沙眼(TI)患病人数明显多于滤泡型沙眼(TF)者,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.493,P＜0.05).汉族、蒙古族学生沙眼患病率分别为45.8％和54.5％,差异有统计学意义(x2=6.228,P=0.013)；农牧区学生与城镇学生沙眼患病率分别为56.1％和39.7％,农牧区学生沙眼患病率高于城镇学生,差异有统计学意义(x2=30.226,P=0.000)；男女沙眼患病率分别为47.0％和46.9％,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.000,P=0.995). 结论 赤峰市克什克腾旗中小学生沙眼患病率高于中国其他地区,应根据流行病学调查结果进行防治.
揹景 沙眼是臨床上常見的感染性眼病之一,其患病率與地域、經濟和衛生條件明顯相關.瞭解一箇地區的沙眼流行情況對于該地區沙眼的防治具有重要意義. 目的 對赤峰市剋什剋騰旂中小學生沙眼流行情況進行流行病學調查,為內矇古防盲、治盲工作的進一步完善提供科學依據.方法 採用橫斷麵流行病學研究設計.用整群隨機抽樣的方法,從剋什剋騰旂城鎮和農牧區隨機抽取10所中小學校的學生共2067人,其中男1061人,女1006人；年齡6～17歲,平均(12.53±2.31)歲；漢族1768人,矇古族299人；農牧區1209人,城鎮858人.採集內容包括受檢者的一般情況及與沙眼相關的生活揹景.眼部檢查參照1987年WHO製定的沙眼簡化分級標準,對學生的視力、眼瞼、結膜和角膜組織進行檢查,併逐項進行詳細記錄.採取現場問捲調查和眼科檢查的方法,對赤峰市剋什剋騰旂中小學生沙眼患病率進行統計,探討該地區沙眼患病率與中小學生年齡、性彆、民族和生活環境等的關繫.結果 按抽樣比例10.05％共隨機抽取中小學生2153人,實際接受檢查者2067人,受檢應答率為96％.受檢者中臨床診斷為沙眼者有972例,患病率為47.0％.6～8歲、9～11歲、12 ～ 14歲和15 ～ 17歲年齡組調查結果錶明,沙眼患病率隨年齡增長而呈現上升趨勢,各年齡組沙眼患病率比較；差異有統計學意義(x2=11.043,P=0.011),且浸潤性沙眼(TI)患病人數明顯多于濾泡型沙眼(TF)者,差異有統計學意義(x2=11.493,P＜0.05).漢族、矇古族學生沙眼患病率分彆為45.8％和54.5％,差異有統計學意義(x2=6.228,P=0.013)；農牧區學生與城鎮學生沙眼患病率分彆為56.1％和39.7％,農牧區學生沙眼患病率高于城鎮學生,差異有統計學意義(x2=30.226,P=0.000)；男女沙眼患病率分彆為47.0％和46.9％,差異無統計學意義(x2=0.000,P=0.995). 結論 赤峰市剋什剋騰旂中小學生沙眼患病率高于中國其他地區,應根據流行病學調查結果進行防治.
배경 사안시림상상상견적감염성안병지일,기환병솔여지역、경제화위생조건명현상관.료해일개지구적사안류행정황대우해지구사안적방치구유중요의의. 목적 대적봉시극십극등기중소학생사안류행정황진행류행병학조사,위내몽고방맹、치맹공작적진일보완선제공과학의거.방법 채용횡단면류행병학연구설계.용정군수궤추양적방법,종극십극등기성진화농목구수궤추취10소중소학교적학생공2067인,기중남1061인,녀1006인；년령6～17세,평균(12.53±2.31)세；한족1768인,몽고족299인；농목구1209인,성진858인.채집내용포괄수검자적일반정황급여사안상관적생활배경.안부검사삼조1987년WHO제정적사안간화분급표준,대학생적시력、안검、결막화각막조직진행검사,병축항진행상세기록.채취현장문권조사화안과검사적방법,대적봉시극십극등기중소학생사안환병솔진행통계,탐토해지구사안환병솔여중소학생년령、성별、민족화생활배경등적관계.결과 안추양비례10.05％공수궤추취중소학생2153인,실제접수검사자2067인,수검응답솔위96％.수검자중림상진단위사안자유972례,환병솔위47.0％.6～8세、9～11세、12 ～ 14세화15 ～ 17세년령조조사결과표명,사안환병솔수년령증장이정현상승추세,각년령조사안환병솔비교；차이유통계학의의(x2=11.043,P=0.011),차침윤성사안(TI)환병인수명현다우려포형사안(TF)자,차이유통계학의의(x2=11.493,P＜0.05).한족、몽고족학생사안환병솔분별위45.8％화54.5％,차이유통계학의의(x2=6.228,P=0.013)；농목구학생여성진학생사안환병솔분별위56.1％화39.7％,농목구학생사안환병솔고우성진학생,차이유통계학의의(x2=30.226,P=0.000)；남녀사안환병솔분별위47.0％화46.9％,차이무통계학의의(x2=0.000,P=0.995). 결론 적봉시극십극등기중소학생사안환병솔고우중국기타지구,응근거류행병학조사결과진행방치.
Background Trachoma is a common infectious eye disease,and its incidence is associated with region,economy and sanitary condition.To survey the prevalence status of an area is very important for the prevention and treatment of trachoma.Objective Aim of this study was to survey the prevalence of trachoma in primary and secondary school students of Chifeng Keshiketengqi,and to investigate the relationship between the prevalence of trachoma with age,gender,ethnicity and living environment.Methods This was a cross-sectional study.According to cluster random sampling method,2067 students were drawn from 10 primary and secondary schools,including 1061male and 1006 female.The age of students ranged from 6 to 17 years old,with the average age (12.53 ± 2.31)years.In the taken samples,Han students were 1768,and Mongolian students were 299;the agricultural and pastoral students were 1209,and the urban students were 858.The general life factors associated with trachoma were surveyed by questionnaire.Trachoma was diagnosed and graded based to 1987 WHO Simplified Trachoma Grading Standards.Eye examinations included visual inspection,eyelids,conjunctiva and cornea neovascularization under the slit lamp microscope,and the clinical data were recorded and collected.The results were statistically analyzed by SPSS13.0 software.Results According to the sampling proportion of 10.05％,2153 students were included and 2067 students participated in this study with the response rate 96％.Trachoma was diagnosed in 972 students with a morbidity 47.0％.The prevalence rate of trachoma was increased with the ageing,and a statistically significant difference was seen among the 6-8 years group,9-11 years group,12-14 years group and 15-17 years group (x2 =11.043,P =0.011),and the prevalence of trachomatous infiltration was significantly higher than that of trachomatous folliele (x2=11.493,P＜0.05).The prevalence rate of trachoma in Han and Mongolian students was 45.8％ and 54.5％,showing a significant difference between them (x2 =6.228,P =0.013).In addition,statistically significant differences also were found in the prevalence rate of trachoma between the pastoral areas students and urban students (56.1％ vs.39.7％,x2=30.226,P =0.000),but no significant difference was seen between male and female (47.0％ vs.46.9％,x2 =0.000,P =0.995).Conclusions The trachoma prevalence rate is relatively higher in the primary and secondary students in Chifeng Keshiketeng.These results offer a basis for the prevention and treatment of trachoma.
