CAJ | 학술논문

目的分析北京市密云县鼠疫监测结果及存在的危险因素,为北京市开展鼠疫防控工作提供依据.方法 2009-2011年,在密云县通过遥感技术、文献检索和现场调查获得密云县自然地理基础数据.根据地理特征和动植物分布状况,在古北口、大城子镇选择具有代表性的不同生境地区进行调查.采用夹夜法捕捉鼠类,计算鼠密度,鉴定鼠种类；对捕捉的小型鼠类检蚤,计算染蚤率和蚤指数,对蚤进行分类鉴定.采用夜笼法捕获活鼠,鉴定鼠种类；采集鼠心脏血和当地家犬静脉血,分离血清.采用鼠疫间接血球凝集试验检测血清中的鼠疫F1抗体.结果 2009-2011年采用夹夜法和夜笼法共捕获小型鼠类306只,经鉴定为1纲、2目、4科、7属、9种.各年度夹夜法鼠密度分别为0.58％(7/1200)、0.67％(8/1200)、1.33％(16/1200),平均密度为0.86％(31/3600),各年度之间鼠密度比较差异无统计学意义(x2=4.751,P＞ 0.05).社鼠为优势种,占47.21％(144/305),岩松鼠占30.82％ (94/305),褐家鼠占10.82％ (33/305).2009-2010年共梳检活鼠283只,获染蚤鼠52只,染蚤率为18.37％,蚤指数为1.19,各年度蚤指数比较差异无统计学意义(x2=3.238,P＞0.05)；共获蚤338只,其中屈褶复角蚤占99.70％(337/338),二齿新蚤占0.30％(1/338).186份鼠血清标本和98份家犬血清标本鼠疫F1抗体均为阴性.结论密云县的优势鼠种社鼠、褐家鼠是传播鼠疫的动物,鼠疫重要媒介二齿新蚤密度较低及血清学检测无阳性结果,表明密云县尚未发现鼠疫活动的线索,鼠疫远距离传播是当前存在的主要鼠疫传播危险因素.
목적 분석북경시밀운현서역감측결과급존재적위험인소,위북경시개전서역방공공작제공의거.방법 2009-2011년,재밀운현통과요감기술、문헌검색화현장조사획득밀운현자연지리기출수거.근거지리특정화동식물분포상황,재고북구、대성자진선택구유대표성적불동생경지구진행조사.채용협야법포착서류,계산서밀도,감정서충류；대포착적소형서류검조,계산염조솔화조지수,대조진행분류감정.채용야롱법포획활서,감정서충류；채집서심장혈화당지가견정맥혈,분리혈청.채용서역간접혈구응집시험검측혈청중적서역F1항체.결과 2009-2011년채용협야법화야롱법공포획소형서류306지,경감정위1강、2목、4과、7속、9충.각년도협야법서밀도분별위0.58％(7/1200)、0.67％(8/1200)、1.33％(16/1200),평균밀도위0.86％(31/3600),각년도지간서밀도비교차이무통계학의의(x2=4.751,P＞ 0.05).사서위우세충,점47.21％(144/305),암송서점30.82％ (94/305),갈가서점10.82％ (33/305).2009-2010년공소검활서283지,획염조서52지,염조솔위18.37％,조지수위1.19,각년도조지수비교차이무통계학의의(x2=3.238,P＞0.05)；공획조338지,기중굴습복각조점99.70％(337/338),이치신조점0.30％(1/338).186빈서혈청표본화98빈가견혈청표본서역F1항체균위음성.결론 밀운현적우세서충사서、갈가서시전파서역적동물,서역중요매개이치신조밀도교저급혈청학검측무양성결과,표명밀운현상미발현서역활동적선색,서역원거리전파시당전존재적주요서역전파위험인소.
Objective To analyze the plague monitoring results and risk factors of plague infection,and to provide a basis for plague prevention and control in Miyun county Beijing city.Methods Miyun natural geographic data were obtained by remote sensing technology,field survey and literature retrieval from 2009 to 2011.According to geographical features and distribution of animal and plant,investigation was carried out at representatively selected different habitat areas in Gubeikou and Dachengzi towns.Rats were captured by the night trapping method; the density of rats was calculated and rat type was identified.Flea rate and flea index were calculated on small rodent; fleas were classified and identified.Live rats were captured by the night cage method;rat species were identified; rat heart blood and local dog venous blood were collected,and serum was separated.Serum F1 antibody of plague was detected by indirect hemagglutination test.Results A total of 306 small rodents were captured by the night trapping method and the night cage method from 2009 to 2011.After identification,they belong to class 1,order 2,family 4,genera 7 and species 9.The density of rat that was captured by night trapping method was 0.58％(7/1200),0.67％(8/1200),1.33％(16/1200),and the average density was 0.86％(31/3600).The differences of rat density between each year were not significant(x2 =4.751,P ＞ 0.05).Ratlus confucianus was the dominant species of wild rodents,accounted for 47.21％ (144/305),Rock squirrels accounted for 30.82％ (94/305) and Rattus norvegicus accounted for 10.82％(33/305).A total of 283 live rats were combed; from 2009 to 2011,52 of them had fleas; flea rate was 18.37％; flea index was 1.19; the differences of flea index between each year were not significant (x2 =3.238,P ＞ 0.05).Got 338 fleas,Paraceras crispus accounted for 99.70％(337/338) and Neopsylla bidentatiformis accounted for 0.30％(1/338).The serological F1 antibody test results were all negative in the blood samples of 186 rodents and 98 canidaes.Conclusions In Miyun,the dominant rat species are Agency rats and Rattus norvegicus ; they can be infected with the plague.Neopsylla bidentatiformis is an important medium of plague.Because density of Neopsylla bidentctiformis is low and serological detection results are negative,Miyun county has not yet found the clues of plague activity.Remote transmission is the main risk factor of plague transmission currently.