中华地方病学杂志
中華地方病學雜誌
중화지방병학잡지
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
2013年
6期
662-667
,共6页
束长亮%王彩生%汪旸%夏玉婷%陈思红
束長亮%王綵生%汪旸%夏玉婷%陳思紅
속장량%왕채생%왕양%하옥정%진사홍
氟化物中毒%饮水%氟中毒,牙%氟骨症%数据收集
氟化物中毒%飲水%氟中毒,牙%氟骨癥%數據收集
불화물중독%음수%불중독,아%불골증%수거수집
Fluoride poisoning%Drinking water%Fluorosis,dental%Osteofluorosis%Data collection
目的 掌握江苏省饮水型地方性氟中毒(简称地氟病)的病情动态和防治措施的落实效果,为进一步开展防治工作提供依据.方法 2009年,选择江苏省8个地氟病重点县,每个县根据历史资料将病区村分成轻、中、重3个类型,每个类型各抽取1个村作为监测村.在已改水病区村采集1份出厂水和3份末梢水,在未改水病区村东、西、南、北、中5个方位采集5份水样,按照《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750-2006)测定水氟.对监测村全部8～12岁儿童进行氟斑牙检查,氟斑牙诊断采用Dean法.对监测村全部16岁以上常住人口进行临床氟骨症检查,抽取2个监测县,每个县选择1个村,对有临床氟骨症症状的成人进行X线氟骨症检查,氟骨症诊断采用《地方性氟骨症诊断标准》(WS 192-2008).每个监测村采集儿童尿样30份、成人尿样20份,采用《尿中氟化物的测定离子选择电极法》(WS/T 89-1996)检测尿氟.结果 8个县的24个病区村中,20个村已改水,其中18个村的改水工程正常运转,2个村的工程报废.共检测水样102份,改水村的水氟均值为1.10 mg/L,未改水或工程报废村的水氟均值为1.90 mg/L.8～ 12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率为42.51％(854/2009).16岁以上人群临床氟骨症检出率为23.23％(2024/8713),X线氟骨症检出率为32.00％(24/75).共检测儿童尿样664份,尿氟浓度几何均数为1.59 mg/L;共检测成人尿样470份,尿氟浓度几何均数为2.20 mg/L.结论 江苏省地氟病病情尚未完全控制,且有回升迹象,须重视降氟改水措施的落实及改水工程的管理维护,进一步加强地氟病防治工作.
目的 掌握江囌省飲水型地方性氟中毒(簡稱地氟病)的病情動態和防治措施的落實效果,為進一步開展防治工作提供依據.方法 2009年,選擇江囌省8箇地氟病重點縣,每箇縣根據歷史資料將病區村分成輕、中、重3箇類型,每箇類型各抽取1箇村作為鑑測村.在已改水病區村採集1份齣廠水和3份末梢水,在未改水病區村東、西、南、北、中5箇方位採集5份水樣,按照《生活飲用水標準檢驗方法》(GB/T 5750-2006)測定水氟.對鑑測村全部8～12歲兒童進行氟斑牙檢查,氟斑牙診斷採用Dean法.對鑑測村全部16歲以上常住人口進行臨床氟骨癥檢查,抽取2箇鑑測縣,每箇縣選擇1箇村,對有臨床氟骨癥癥狀的成人進行X線氟骨癥檢查,氟骨癥診斷採用《地方性氟骨癥診斷標準》(WS 192-2008).每箇鑑測村採集兒童尿樣30份、成人尿樣20份,採用《尿中氟化物的測定離子選擇電極法》(WS/T 89-1996)檢測尿氟.結果 8箇縣的24箇病區村中,20箇村已改水,其中18箇村的改水工程正常運轉,2箇村的工程報廢.共檢測水樣102份,改水村的水氟均值為1.10 mg/L,未改水或工程報廢村的水氟均值為1.90 mg/L.8～ 12歲兒童氟斑牙檢齣率為42.51％(854/2009).16歲以上人群臨床氟骨癥檢齣率為23.23％(2024/8713),X線氟骨癥檢齣率為32.00％(24/75).共檢測兒童尿樣664份,尿氟濃度幾何均數為1.59 mg/L;共檢測成人尿樣470份,尿氟濃度幾何均數為2.20 mg/L.結論 江囌省地氟病病情尚未完全控製,且有迴升跡象,鬚重視降氟改水措施的落實及改水工程的管理維護,進一步加彊地氟病防治工作.
목적 장악강소성음수형지방성불중독(간칭지불병)적병정동태화방치조시적락실효과,위진일보개전방치공작제공의거.방법 2009년,선택강소성8개지불병중점현,매개현근거역사자료장병구촌분성경、중、중3개류형,매개류형각추취1개촌작위감측촌.재이개수병구촌채집1빈출엄수화3빈말소수,재미개수병구촌동、서、남、북、중5개방위채집5빈수양,안조《생활음용수표준검험방법》(GB/T 5750-2006)측정수불.대감측촌전부8～12세인동진행불반아검사,불반아진단채용Dean법.대감측촌전부16세이상상주인구진행림상불골증검사,추취2개감측현,매개현선택1개촌,대유림상불골증증상적성인진행X선불골증검사,불골증진단채용《지방성불골증진단표준》(WS 192-2008).매개감측촌채집인동뇨양30빈、성인뇨양20빈,채용《뇨중불화물적측정리자선택전겁법》(WS/T 89-1996)검측뇨불.결과 8개현적24개병구촌중,20개촌이개수,기중18개촌적개수공정정상운전,2개촌적공정보폐.공검측수양102빈,개수촌적수불균치위1.10 mg/L,미개수혹공정보폐촌적수불균치위1.90 mg/L.8～ 12세인동불반아검출솔위42.51％(854/2009).16세이상인군림상불골증검출솔위23.23％(2024/8713),X선불골증검출솔위32.00％(24/75).공검측인동뇨양664빈,뇨불농도궤하균수위1.59 mg/L;공검측성인뇨양470빈,뇨불농도궤하균수위2.20 mg/L.결론 강소성지불병병정상미완전공제,차유회승적상,수중시강불개수조시적락실급개수공정적관리유호,진일보가강지불병방치공작.
Objective To investigate the development trend of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in Jiangsu Province,and to provide the basis for further prevention and treatment of the disease.Methods In 2009,eight major counties were chosen,and in each county all diseased villages were classified into light,moderate and severe disease types according to water fluorine content based on historical data,and one village was chosen from each type.In monitoring villages with improved water,one source water and three tap water samples were collected,respectively.Five water samples were collected in water unimproved monitoring villages according to water well locations of the east,the west,the south,the north and the center.The fluorine content in water was determined according to the "Standard Testing Methods for Drinking Water" (GB/T 5750-2006).Children aged 8 to 12 were examined for dental fluorosis by Dean method.Residents over the age of 16 were examined for clinical osteofluorosis,and two monitoring counties were chosen,then one village was respectively chosen in each county,and clinically diagnosed patients with skeletal fluorosis were examined again by X-ray.Both clinical and X-ray diagnosis were on the basis of "Diagnostic Criteria of Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis" (WS 192-2008).Urine samples of 30 children aged 8 to 12 and of 20 adults over the age of 16 were randomly collected and urinary fluoride was determined by F-ion selective electrode method(WS/T 89-1996).Results Of all the 24 villages of 8 counties,20 villages were water improved,and water-improvedprojects ran normally in 18 villages,while scrapped in the rest 2 villages.One hundred and two samples were tested,and the mean of water fluoride in water-improved villages was 1.10 mg/L,while in water unimproved villages and villages with water improved projects scrapped was 1.90 mg/L.The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 42.51％(854/2009).The prevalence of clinical skeletal fluorosis was 23.23％ (2024/8713) and the X-ray detection rate was 32.00％ (24/75).Six hundred and sixty-four urine samples of children were determined,and geometric mean of urinary fluorine was 1.59 mg/L,while 370 adult urine samples were determined,and geometric mean of urinary fluorine was 2.20 mg/L.Conclusions Endemic fluorosis in Jiangsu Province has not been fully controlled and there are signs of recovery.We must pay attention to water improvement measures to reduce fluoride and the management and maintenance of water improvement projects,and further strengthen the prevention and control of endemic fluorosis.
