中华地方病学杂志
中華地方病學雜誌
중화지방병학잡지
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
2013年
6期
668-672
,共5页
云中杰%陈培忠%边建朝%高杰%王玉涛%尹玉岩
雲中傑%陳培忠%邊建朝%高傑%王玉濤%尹玉巖
운중걸%진배충%변건조%고걸%왕옥도%윤옥암
地方病%氟中毒,牙%改水%环境监测%数据收集
地方病%氟中毒,牙%改水%環境鑑測%數據收集
지방병%불중독,아%개수%배경감측%수거수집
Endemic diseases%Fluorosis,dental%Water-improvement%Environmental monitoring%Data collection
目的 了解山东省地方性氟中毒的病情现状,为制定防制策略提供科学依据.方法 按照国家《饮水型地方性氟中毒监测方案(试行)》和《山东省饮水型地方性氟中毒监测方案(试行)》的要求,在全省选择10个县,每个县抽取10个改水工程,调查改水工程运行效果,监测改水工程水氟含量;每个县选择3个病区村作为固定监测村,测定饮用水含氟量,检查全部8～12岁儿童氟斑牙.水氟含量测定采用氟离子选择电极法,8～12岁儿童氟斑牙诊断采用Dean法.结果 ①全省共有改水降氟工程3570个,改水率为87.49％(10 122/11 569),正常运转的工程占89.10％(3181/3570),水氟合格率为73.14％(2611/3570),水氟最大值为9.71mg/L.②在10个县中,共监测改水工程86个,正常运转、间歇运转和报废工程分别占95.35％(82/86)、3.49％(3/86)和1.16％(1/86),水氟含量合格率为50.00％(43/86),水氟最大值为5.32 mg/L.③在开展监测的27个已改水村中,水氟合格率为74.07％ (20/27),水氟最大值为4.50 mg/L;在开展监测的3个未改水村中,水氟≤1.20 mg/L和＞1.20 mg/L的村分别占33.33％(1/3)和66.67％ (2/3),水氟最大值为1.53 mg/L.④在监测的27个已改水村中,儿童氟斑牙检出率为57.65％(791/1372),缺损型氟斑牙检出率为7.80％(107/1372),氟斑牙指数为1.15;在监测的3个未改水村中,儿童氟斑牙检出率为50.97％ (80/155),缺损型氟斑牙检出率为7.10％(11/155),氟斑牙指数为1.16.结论 山东省改水降氟工程的运行情况还需改善,改水工程的水氟超标严重,地方性氟中毒病情尚未得到有效控制,需进一步加大防控力度.
目的 瞭解山東省地方性氟中毒的病情現狀,為製定防製策略提供科學依據.方法 按照國傢《飲水型地方性氟中毒鑑測方案(試行)》和《山東省飲水型地方性氟中毒鑑測方案(試行)》的要求,在全省選擇10箇縣,每箇縣抽取10箇改水工程,調查改水工程運行效果,鑑測改水工程水氟含量;每箇縣選擇3箇病區村作為固定鑑測村,測定飲用水含氟量,檢查全部8～12歲兒童氟斑牙.水氟含量測定採用氟離子選擇電極法,8～12歲兒童氟斑牙診斷採用Dean法.結果 ①全省共有改水降氟工程3570箇,改水率為87.49％(10 122/11 569),正常運轉的工程佔89.10％(3181/3570),水氟閤格率為73.14％(2611/3570),水氟最大值為9.71mg/L.②在10箇縣中,共鑑測改水工程86箇,正常運轉、間歇運轉和報廢工程分彆佔95.35％(82/86)、3.49％(3/86)和1.16％(1/86),水氟含量閤格率為50.00％(43/86),水氟最大值為5.32 mg/L.③在開展鑑測的27箇已改水村中,水氟閤格率為74.07％ (20/27),水氟最大值為4.50 mg/L;在開展鑑測的3箇未改水村中,水氟≤1.20 mg/L和＞1.20 mg/L的村分彆佔33.33％(1/3)和66.67％ (2/3),水氟最大值為1.53 mg/L.④在鑑測的27箇已改水村中,兒童氟斑牙檢齣率為57.65％(791/1372),缺損型氟斑牙檢齣率為7.80％(107/1372),氟斑牙指數為1.15;在鑑測的3箇未改水村中,兒童氟斑牙檢齣率為50.97％ (80/155),缺損型氟斑牙檢齣率為7.10％(11/155),氟斑牙指數為1.16.結論 山東省改水降氟工程的運行情況還需改善,改水工程的水氟超標嚴重,地方性氟中毒病情尚未得到有效控製,需進一步加大防控力度.
목적 료해산동성지방성불중독적병정현상,위제정방제책략제공과학의거.방법 안조국가《음수형지방성불중독감측방안(시행)》화《산동성음수형지방성불중독감측방안(시행)》적요구,재전성선택10개현,매개현추취10개개수공정,조사개수공정운행효과,감측개수공정수불함량;매개현선택3개병구촌작위고정감측촌,측정음용수함불량,검사전부8～12세인동불반아.수불함량측정채용불리자선택전겁법,8～12세인동불반아진단채용Dean법.결과 ①전성공유개수강불공정3570개,개수솔위87.49％(10 122/11 569),정상운전적공정점89.10％(3181/3570),수불합격솔위73.14％(2611/3570),수불최대치위9.71mg/L.②재10개현중,공감측개수공정86개,정상운전、간헐운전화보폐공정분별점95.35％(82/86)、3.49％(3/86)화1.16％(1/86),수불함량합격솔위50.00％(43/86),수불최대치위5.32 mg/L.③재개전감측적27개이개수촌중,수불합격솔위74.07％ (20/27),수불최대치위4.50 mg/L;재개전감측적3개미개수촌중,수불≤1.20 mg/L화＞1.20 mg/L적촌분별점33.33％(1/3)화66.67％ (2/3),수불최대치위1.53 mg/L.④재감측적27개이개수촌중,인동불반아검출솔위57.65％(791/1372),결손형불반아검출솔위7.80％(107/1372),불반아지수위1.15;재감측적3개미개수촌중,인동불반아검출솔위50.97％ (80/155),결손형불반아검출솔위7.10％(11/155),불반아지수위1.16.결론 산동성개수강불공정적운행정황환수개선,개수공정적수불초표엄중,지방성불중독병정상미득도유효공제,수진일보가대방공력도.
Objective To understand the current situation of endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province,and to provide a scientific basis for development of control strategies.Methods In accordance with the requirements of the national "Surveillance Scheme of Drinking-Water-Borne Endemic Fluorosis (Trial)" and "Shandong Provincial Surveillance Scheme of Drinking-Water-Borne Endemic Fluorosis (Trial)",and to understand the progress of the province's water-improvement projects,10 counties were chosen in the province,and 10 water-improvement projects were selected in each county.Running condition of the water-improvement projects was investigated,and water fluoride content was tested.Three epidemic villages were chosen as fixed monitoring villages in each county.In each village,fluoride content in drinking water was determined,and dental fluorosis of all children aged 8 to 12 was diagnosed.Water fluoride content was determined by fluoride ion selective electrode method,and dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 was diagnosed by Dean method.Results ① There were 3570 water defluoridation projects in the province,and water-improvement rate was 87.49％ (10 122/11 569).Normal operating projects accounted for 89.10％ (3181/3570),and the passing rate of water fluoride content was 73.14％ (2611/3570),with the maximum water fluoride as 9.71 mg/L.② In the 10 counties,a total of 86 waterimprovement projects were monitored.Normal operation,intermittent operation and scrapped projects accounted for 95.35％ (82/86),3.49％ (3/86) and 1.16％ (1/86),respectively,and passing rate of fluoride content in water was 50.00％ (43/86),and the maximum water fluoride was 5.32 mg/L.③ In the 27 monitored villages with improved water quality,the passing rate of fluoride content in water was 74.07％ (20/27),and the maximum water fluoride was 4.50mg/L.In the 3 monitored villages without improved water quality,villages of mean water fluoride ≤ 1.20 mg/L and ＞ 1.20 mg/L accounted for 33.33％ (1/3) and 66.67％ (2/3),respectively,and the maximum water fluoride was 1.53 mg/L.④ In the 27 monitored villages with improved water quality,the detection rate of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 was 57.65％(791/1372),and the detection rate of defect type dental fluorosis was 7.80％(107/1372); the index of dental fluorosis was 1.15.In the 3 monitored villages without improved water quality,the detection rate of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 was 50.97％ (80/155),and the detection rate of defect type dental fluorosis was 7.10％(11/155); the index of dental fluorosis was 1.16.Conclusions In Shandong Province,the running condition of water improvement project to reduce fluoride still needs to be further improved,and the water fluoride is seriously overweight and endemic fluorosis has not been effectively controlled.Preventive measures should be strengthened.
