目的 调查上海市学龄期儿童有氧运动能力现状,探讨人体成分与有氧运动能力之间的关系.方法 以上海市杨浦区一所小学63名儿童为研究对象,分析人体成分(生物电阻抗法)和有氧运动能力(固定功率运动试验,间接测定法),测定体脂比例(FAT％)、去脂体质量(FFM)、肥胖度、最大氧摄取量(VO2 max)、最大氧脉搏等指标,分析各项指标之间的关系,比较超重肥胖儿童与非超重肥胖儿童各项指标的差异.结果 除1名未进行人体成分测试者外,余62名受试儿童中,超重肥胖组男生与非超重肥胖组相比,VO2 max绝对值更高而VO2 max相对值更低[(1 038.50±157.93) ml/min比(923.90±82.03) ml/min,F=4.812,P=0.005; (23.62±4.22) ml/ (kg· min)比(27.75 ±2.41) ml/ (kg·min),F=5.633,P=0.002],差异有统计学意义;超重肥胖组的最大氧脉搏有升高趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).女生中,与非超重肥胖组相比,超重肥胖组的VO2 max绝对值有升高趋势[(966.70±131.22) ml/min比(892.55±108.71) ml/min],但无统计学意义(P＞0.05);超重肥胖组的VO2max相对值低于非超重肥胖组[(23.84±4.30) ml/ (kg· min)比(28.09±4.52) ml/ (kg·min)],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);最大氧脉搏高于非超重肥胖组,但差异无统计学意义.控制年龄因素后,VO2 max相对值与体质量指数(BMI)、肥胖度、FAT％、脂肪量(FM)、FFM、脂肪含量指数(FMI)、去脂体质量(FFMI)均呈显著负相关(男:r=-0.675,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.634,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.667,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.726,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.594,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.686,P＜0.000;r=-0.456,P=0.010.女:r=-0.651,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.552,P=0.002;r=-0.527,P=0.003;r=-0.633,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.520,P=0.004; r=-0.579,P=0.001;r=-0.597,P=0.001).男生中,最大氧脉搏与BMI、FFM、FFMI均显著正相关(r=0.358,P=0.048;r=0.543,P=0.002;r=0.554,P=0.001);女生中,最大氧脉搏与FFM、FFMI呈正相关(r =0.378,P=0.043; r=0.449,P=0.014).结论 学龄期儿童的有氧运动能力与人体成分有关.肥胖程度越高,有氧运动能力越差.最大氧脉搏与去脂体质量有一定相关性.
目的 調查上海市學齡期兒童有氧運動能力現狀,探討人體成分與有氧運動能力之間的關繫.方法 以上海市楊浦區一所小學63名兒童為研究對象,分析人體成分(生物電阻抗法)和有氧運動能力(固定功率運動試驗,間接測定法),測定體脂比例(FAT％)、去脂體質量(FFM)、肥胖度、最大氧攝取量(VO2 max)、最大氧脈搏等指標,分析各項指標之間的關繫,比較超重肥胖兒童與非超重肥胖兒童各項指標的差異.結果 除1名未進行人體成分測試者外,餘62名受試兒童中,超重肥胖組男生與非超重肥胖組相比,VO2 max絕對值更高而VO2 max相對值更低[(1 038.50±157.93) ml/min比(923.90±82.03) ml/min,F=4.812,P=0.005; (23.62±4.22) ml/ (kg· min)比(27.75 ±2.41) ml/ (kg·min),F=5.633,P=0.002],差異有統計學意義;超重肥胖組的最大氧脈搏有升高趨勢,但差異無統計學意義(P＞0.05).女生中,與非超重肥胖組相比,超重肥胖組的VO2 max絕對值有升高趨勢[(966.70±131.22) ml/min比(892.55±108.71) ml/min],但無統計學意義(P＞0.05);超重肥胖組的VO2max相對值低于非超重肥胖組[(23.84±4.30) ml/ (kg· min)比(28.09±4.52) ml/ (kg·min)],差異有統計學意義(P＜0.05);最大氧脈搏高于非超重肥胖組,但差異無統計學意義.控製年齡因素後,VO2 max相對值與體質量指數(BMI)、肥胖度、FAT％、脂肪量(FM)、FFM、脂肪含量指數(FMI)、去脂體質量(FFMI)均呈顯著負相關(男:r=-0.675,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.634,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.667,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.726,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.594,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.686,P＜0.000;r=-0.456,P=0.010.女:r=-0.651,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.552,P=0.002;r=-0.527,P=0.003;r=-0.633,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.520,P=0.004; r=-0.579,P=0.001;r=-0.597,P=0.001).男生中,最大氧脈搏與BMI、FFM、FFMI均顯著正相關(r=0.358,P=0.048;r=0.543,P=0.002;r=0.554,P=0.001);女生中,最大氧脈搏與FFM、FFMI呈正相關(r =0.378,P=0.043; r=0.449,P=0.014).結論 學齡期兒童的有氧運動能力與人體成分有關.肥胖程度越高,有氧運動能力越差.最大氧脈搏與去脂體質量有一定相關性.
목적 조사상해시학령기인동유양운동능력현상,탐토인체성분여유양운동능력지간적관계.방법 이상해시양포구일소소학63명인동위연구대상,분석인체성분(생물전조항법)화유양운동능력(고정공솔운동시험,간접측정법),측정체지비례(FAT％)、거지체질량(FFM)、비반도、최대양섭취량(VO2 max)、최대양맥박등지표,분석각항지표지간적관계,비교초중비반인동여비초중비반인동각항지표적차이.결과 제1명미진행인체성분측시자외,여62명수시인동중,초중비반조남생여비초중비반조상비,VO2 max절대치경고이VO2 max상대치경저[(1 038.50±157.93) ml/min비(923.90±82.03) ml/min,F=4.812,P=0.005; (23.62±4.22) ml/ (kg· min)비(27.75 ±2.41) ml/ (kg·min),F=5.633,P=0.002],차이유통계학의의;초중비반조적최대양맥박유승고추세,단차이무통계학의의(P＞0.05).녀생중,여비초중비반조상비,초중비반조적VO2 max절대치유승고추세[(966.70±131.22) ml/min비(892.55±108.71) ml/min],단무통계학의의(P＞0.05);초중비반조적VO2max상대치저우비초중비반조[(23.84±4.30) ml/ (kg· min)비(28.09±4.52) ml/ (kg·min)],차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05);최대양맥박고우비초중비반조,단차이무통계학의의.공제년령인소후,VO2 max상대치여체질량지수(BMI)、비반도、FAT％、지방량(FM)、FFM、지방함량지수(FMI)、거지체질량(FFMI)균정현저부상관(남:r=-0.675,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.634,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.667,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.726,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.594,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.686,P＜0.000;r=-0.456,P=0.010.녀:r=-0.651,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.552,P=0.002;r=-0.527,P=0.003;r=-0.633,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.520,P=0.004; r=-0.579,P=0.001;r=-0.597,P=0.001).남생중,최대양맥박여BMI、FFM、FFMI균현저정상관(r=0.358,P=0.048;r=0.543,P=0.002;r=0.554,P=0.001);녀생중,최대양맥박여FFM、FFMI정정상관(r =0.378,P=0.043; r=0.449,P=0.014).결론 학령기인동적유양운동능력여인체성분유관.비반정도월고,유양운동능력월차.최대양맥박여거지체질량유일정상관성.
Objective To describe aerobic capacity and body composition of school-aged children in Shanghai and explore the potential relationship between body composition and aerobic capacity.Methods Totally 63 school-aged children in Shanghai were measured for height,weight,fat percentage (FAT％),and fat-free mass (FFM).Body composition was estimated from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).Body mass index (BMI),fat mass index (FMI),and fat-free mass index (FFMI) were calculated.Aerobic capacity (VO2max and the maximum oxygen pulse) were measured using the COSMED fitmate metabolic systems (combined heart rate and cycling test).Results The boys who were obese or overweight had both higher absolute value of VO2max and lower relative values of VO2max than other boys [(1 038.50 ± 157.93) ml/min vs (923.90±82.03) ml/min,F=4.812,P=0.005; (23.62±4.22) ml/ (kg· min) vs (27.75 ±2.41) ml/ (kg · min),F =5.633,P =0.002].The girls who were obese or overweight tended to have higher absolute value of VO2max [(966.70 ± 131.22) ml/min vs (892.55 ± 108.71) ml/min] and lower relative values of VO2 max [(23.84 ± 4.30) ml/ (kg · min) vs (28.09 ± 4.52) ml/ (kg · min)] than other girls.After controlling for age,the relative VO2max values were negatively associated with body mass index (BMI),degree of obesity,FAT％,FM,FFM,FMI,FFMI (boys:r =-0.675,P ＜ 0.000 1 ; r =-0.634,P＜0.000 1; r=-0.667,P＜0.000 1; r=-0.726,P＜0.000 1; r=-0.594,P＜0.000 1;r=-0.686,P＜0.000 1; r=-0.456,P=0.010; girls:r=-0.651,P ＜0.000 1; r=-0.552,P=0.002; r=-0.527,P=0.003; r=-0.633,P＜0.000 1; r=-0.520,P=0.004; r=-0.579,P=0.001 ; r =-0.597,P =0.001).In boys,the maximum oxygen pulse was positively correlated with BMI,FFM,and FFMI (r =0.358,P=0.048; r =0.543,P=0.002; r =0.554,P=0.001); in girls,the maximum oxygen pulse was positively correlated with FFM and FFMI (r =0.378,P =0.043 ; r =0.449,P =0.014).Conclusions Aerobic capacity is associated with body composition in school-aged children.Higher degree of obesity is associated with poorer aerobic capacity.Maximum oxygen pulse is also associated with FFM.
