中华航空航天医学杂志
中華航空航天醫學雜誌
중화항공항천의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE
2013年
4期
274-278,封2
,共6页
郭华%王生成%陈清禄%景百胜%罗永昌
郭華%王生成%陳清祿%景百勝%囉永昌
곽화%왕생성%진청록%경백성%라영창
高海拔%心率%呼吸%缺氧
高海拔%心率%呼吸%缺氧
고해발%심솔%호흡%결양
Altitude%Heart rate%Respiration%Anoxia
目的 观察高原飞行对飞行员生理参数和飞行劳动负荷的影响. 方法 13名健康男性高性能战斗机飞行员,分2批进驻高原,第1批(8名)进驻高原时间3个月,第2批(5名)进驻时间1周,对飞行前心率进行检测,并与其在原驻地心率进行比较；测量4类课目(警巡、空战、夜航、高原首次试飞)共25架次飞行中的生理参数,分析心率及呼吸频率的变化. 结果 ①2批次飞行员 高原驻训期间,飞行前心率高于原驻地飞行前心率(t=5.447、3.269,P＜0.05).②飞行员不同阶段和课目的心率差异有统计学意义(F=9.831～204.906,P＜0.01)；4个课目飞行准备、滑行起飞、近进和着陆阶段的心率均显著高于平飞阶段(P＜0.01)；除安静状态外,高原首次试飞各阶段心率显著高于其他课目(P＜0.01).③不同课目、不同飞行阶段的呼吸频率差异有统计学意义(F=1.971～～140.035,P＜0.01)；空战、夜航、高原首次试飞着陆滑行阶段呼吸频率较高(P＜0.01)；高原首次试飞各飞行阶段呼吸频率明显高于其他课目(P＜0.05或0.01).④飞行员着陆后使用备用氧,心率明显降低,平均心率降幅为(15.89±6.37)次/min(t=5.580,P＜0.01). 结论 飞行员高原飞行时,生理负荷和飞行劳动负荷较在平原飞行时明显增大.建议飞行员在飞机着陆后不摘除面罩,启用机载备用氧,有助于降低缺氧所致心肺负荷增加.
目的 觀察高原飛行對飛行員生理參數和飛行勞動負荷的影響. 方法 13名健康男性高性能戰鬥機飛行員,分2批進駐高原,第1批(8名)進駐高原時間3箇月,第2批(5名)進駐時間1週,對飛行前心率進行檢測,併與其在原駐地心率進行比較；測量4類課目(警巡、空戰、夜航、高原首次試飛)共25架次飛行中的生理參數,分析心率及呼吸頻率的變化. 結果 ①2批次飛行員 高原駐訓期間,飛行前心率高于原駐地飛行前心率(t=5.447、3.269,P＜0.05).②飛行員不同階段和課目的心率差異有統計學意義(F=9.831～204.906,P＜0.01)；4箇課目飛行準備、滑行起飛、近進和著陸階段的心率均顯著高于平飛階段(P＜0.01)；除安靜狀態外,高原首次試飛各階段心率顯著高于其他課目(P＜0.01).③不同課目、不同飛行階段的呼吸頻率差異有統計學意義(F=1.971～～140.035,P＜0.01)；空戰、夜航、高原首次試飛著陸滑行階段呼吸頻率較高(P＜0.01)；高原首次試飛各飛行階段呼吸頻率明顯高于其他課目(P＜0.05或0.01).④飛行員著陸後使用備用氧,心率明顯降低,平均心率降幅為(15.89±6.37)次/min(t=5.580,P＜0.01). 結論 飛行員高原飛行時,生理負荷和飛行勞動負荷較在平原飛行時明顯增大.建議飛行員在飛機著陸後不摘除麵罩,啟用機載備用氧,有助于降低缺氧所緻心肺負荷增加.
목적 관찰고원비행대비행원생리삼수화비행노동부하적영향. 방법 13명건강남성고성능전두궤비행원,분2비진주고원,제1비(8명)진주고원시간3개월,제2비(5명)진주시간1주,대비행전심솔진행검측,병여기재원주지심솔진행비교；측량4류과목(경순、공전、야항、고원수차시비)공25가차비행중적생리삼수,분석심솔급호흡빈솔적변화. 결과 ①2비차비행원 고원주훈기간,비행전심솔고우원주지비행전심솔(t=5.447、3.269,P＜0.05).②비행원불동계단화과목적심솔차이유통계학의의(F=9.831～204.906,P＜0.01)；4개과목비행준비、활행기비、근진화착륙계단적심솔균현저고우평비계단(P＜0.01)；제안정상태외,고원수차시비각계단심솔현저고우기타과목(P＜0.01).③불동과목、불동비행계단적호흡빈솔차이유통계학의의(F=1.971～～140.035,P＜0.01)；공전、야항、고원수차시비착륙활행계단호흡빈솔교고(P＜0.01)；고원수차시비각비행계단호흡빈솔명현고우기타과목(P＜0.05혹0.01).④비행원착륙후사용비용양,심솔명현강저,평균심솔강폭위(15.89±6.37)차/min(t=5.580,P＜0.01). 결론 비행원고원비행시,생리부하화비행노동부하교재평원비행시명현증대.건의비행원재비궤착륙후불적제면조,계용궤재비용양,유조우강저결양소치심폐부하증가.
Objective To investigate the effects of plateau flight on physiological parameters and flight workload of high performance fighter pilots.Methods Thirteen healthy male highperformance fighter pilots entered plateau in 2 batches,8 pilots stationed for 3 months and the others stationed for 1 week.Pilots' heart rate was tested before flight and compared with the referenced value that previously tested at normal altitude level.Pilots＇ physiological parameters were detected for 25 sorties that covered 4 flight conditions (patrol,air combat,night flight,virgin flight on plateau).The changes of heart rate and respiratory rate were analyzed.Results ① Pilots' heart rate detected before flight was significant higher than the referenced value (t=5.447,3.269,P＜0.05).②Heart rate significantly varied in different flight phases and among different flight conditions (F=9.831-204.906,P＜0.01).Pilots' heart rate in preparation,taxiing and taking-off,approaching and landing phases was significant higher than that in level flying phase (P＜0.01).Condition 4 (virgin flight on plateau) caused higher heart rate than that in other flight conditions in all phases except in quiet (P＜0.01).③There was significant difference on respiratory rate in different flight phases and conditions (F=1.971-140.035,P＜0.01).Pilots＇ respiratory rate in the landing of condition 2,3 and 4 was much higher than that in condition 1.Pilots' respiratory rate in all phases of flight condition 4 was the highest (P＜0.05 or 0.01).④Pilots' heart rate significantly reduced when backup oxygen supplied in landing and the mean decrease was (15.89±6.37) beat/min (t=5.580,P＜0.01).Conclusions For the pilots stationed on plateau the physiological and flight workloads are much higher than theirs on plain.It is recommended that keeping pilots mask wearing and backup oxygen supply in landing would be beneficial to reduce the cardio-pulmonary loads caused by hypoxia.
