CAJ | 학술논문

目的夜视装备研发并应用于战场环境已经有几十年的历史,其应用领域也扩展到飞行任务中.随之而来的是夜视装备或夜视镜相关的飞行事故,如空间定向障碍事故,因飞行人员色觉和视野受到限制而明显增加.与佩戴夜视镜相关的夜视训练应运而生,并在战争冲突中发挥效能.北约国家已经建立夜视训练体系,并按标准化协议执行.文章在回顾夜视装备及其训练发展的基础上介绍了夜视训练体系,并为我国建立夜视训练体系提出建议. 资料来源与选择有关夜视和夜视装备训练的研究论文、综述、研讨会报告和机构报告. 资料引用国外相关文献30篇. 资料综合北约国家的夜视训练面向固定翼和旋翼飞机的飞行人员,并按照标准化协议实施初训、复训的训练制度.课堂学习和实践构成训练的基本模式,模拟器训练和飞行训练则是训练的高级形式,更贴近实际飞行任务.战斗机飞行员的夜视训练也在局部战争冲突中得以显现,并形成系统化的训练方法.训练使佩戴夜视镜的飞行员在战斗飞行中,如对地攻击中,能够保持足够的观察能力.夜视训练不仅以保持飞行人员的视觉能力和飞行安全为目的,而且需要达到提高作战效能和完成任务的最终目标.所以,综合训练或面向任务训练成为夜视训练的发展方向. 结论国外空中武装力量已经建立起系统化的夜视地面和飞行训练制度,并且在实践应用和作战中展现出显著的效果.夜视训练需要融入制度化、系统化的航空医学训练体系,而且在有更高飞行需求时,对飞行人员选拔和鉴定发挥良好作用.训练品质还依赖于训练研究的发展和专业人员的参与.
목적 야시장비연발병응용우전장배경이경유궤십년적역사,기응용영역야확전도비행임무중.수지이래적시야시장비혹야시경상관적비행사고,여공간정향장애사고,인비행인원색각화시야수도한제이명현증가.여패대야시경상관적야시훈련응운이생,병재전쟁충돌중발휘효능.북약국가이경건립야시훈련체계,병안표준화협의집행.문장재회고야시장비급기훈련발전적기출상개소료야시훈련체계,병위아국건립야시훈련체계제출건의. 자료래원여선택 유관야시화야시장비훈련적연구논문、종술、연토회보고화궤구보고. 자료인용 국외상관문헌30편. 자료종합 북약국가적야시훈련면향고정익화선익비궤적비행인원,병안조표준화협의실시초훈、복훈적훈련제도.과당학습화실천구성훈련적기본모식,모의기훈련화비행훈련칙시훈련적고급형식,경첩근실제비행임무.전두궤비행원적야시훈련야재국부전쟁충돌중득이현현,병형성계통화적훈련방법.훈련사패대야시경적비행원재전두비행중,여대지공격중,능구보지족구적관찰능력.야시훈련불부이보지비행인원적시각능력화비행안전위목적,이차수요체도제고작전효능화완성임무적최종목표.소이,종합훈련혹면향임무훈련성위야시훈련적발전방향. 결론 국외공중무장역량이경건립기계통화적야시지면화비행훈련제도,병차재실천응용화작전중전현출현저적효과.야시훈련수요융입제도화、계통화적항공의학훈련체계,이차재유경고비행수구시,대비행인원선발화감정발휘량호작용.훈련품질환의뢰우훈련연구적발전화전업인원적삼여.
Objective Night vision device has been developed and exerted its effects at battle field for decades.And its application also extended to flight mission.Consequently,night vision device related accident,such as spatial disorientation accident,becomes serious due to the constraints either on human＇s chromatic vision and vision field.Night vision training or night vision goggle training emerges as the times require,and has applied in war conflicts.Countries of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) have established night vision training system and the execution is along with the standardization agreement.The night vision training system is introduced in the review upon the retrospect of night vision device and training history.Suggestions are raised as the references of building night vision training system in China.Literature resource and selection Research papers,reviews,workshop/meeting presentations and organization reports in the subjects regarding night vision/night vision device development and training.Literature quotation Thirty puhlished research articles,reports,reviews,and compilations.Literature synthesis The night vision training in NATO countries covers the flying personnel of fixed and rotary wing aircrafts.The initial and refresh training cycle is applying in accordance with the standardization agreement.The classroom education and practice compose the mode of training,and simulator based practice and actual flving tush the training towards to an advanced level-closer to the real mission.Fighte r pilot's night vision training had been effective in regional war conflicts and has become to systemic training approach.It would enable the pilot with night vision goggle maintaining effective observation in combat,such as air-toground attack.The night vision training will not only aim at keeping pilot's visual ability and safety but also at the efficiency and success of mission.So the comprehensive or mission orientated training leads the trend of night vision training in future.Conclusions Foreign air forces have established systemic night vision ground and flight trainings,and their positive effectiveness has been proved both in practice and in combat.Night vision/night vision goggle training calls for the integration of aeromedical training system that featured with institutionalization and systematization.It will benefit to flying personnel transition and qualification when higher flight performance demands asked.The training quality also relies on the advantages of training research and professional's participation.