中华航空航天医学杂志
中華航空航天醫學雜誌
중화항공항천의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE
2014年
1期
27-30,封3
,共5页
丛红%卜伟平%于丽%赵广%刘威%王兴伟%刘何庆%马月欣
叢紅%蔔偉平%于麗%趙廣%劉威%王興偉%劉何慶%馬月訢
총홍%복위평%우려%조엄%류위%왕흥위%류하경%마월흔
航空%膝损伤%生物力学%穿盖弹射%冲击载荷
航空%膝損傷%生物力學%穿蓋彈射%遲擊載荷
항공%슬손상%생물역학%천개탄사%충격재하
Aviation%Knee injuries%Biomechanics%Through-the-canopy ejection%impact load
目的 通过生物力学试验,验证穿盖弹射过程中人体膝部受到舱盖玻璃及其碎片撞击时的损伤程度,为穿盖弹射救生装置的设计、研制、鉴定验收提供生理学依据. 方法 在落锤式冲击台上模拟穿盖弹射时舱盖对膝部的冲击力.根据之前试验设计的预值,打击7具下肢标本的膝部.用弹射力载荷测量系统记录打击力的值及作用时间,并计算冲力和冲量.用X线影像判断损伤程度. 结果 7次打击的峰值力为5.214~9.526 kN,最长作用时间为33.0 ms,最大冲量为91.8 N·s,最大平均冲力为4.478 kN.X线影像学诊断显示标本均未发生骨折. 结论 本次落锤冲击试验中,坐姿人体膝部(股骨远端)可承受小于9.5 kN且作用时间不超过20 ms,或小于91N·s的垂直于股骨的冲击载荷.本试验结果对确定穿盖弹射时的冲击力限值具有参考价值.
目的 通過生物力學試驗,驗證穿蓋彈射過程中人體膝部受到艙蓋玻璃及其碎片撞擊時的損傷程度,為穿蓋彈射救生裝置的設計、研製、鑒定驗收提供生理學依據. 方法 在落錘式遲擊檯上模擬穿蓋彈射時艙蓋對膝部的遲擊力.根據之前試驗設計的預值,打擊7具下肢標本的膝部.用彈射力載荷測量繫統記錄打擊力的值及作用時間,併計算遲力和遲量.用X線影像判斷損傷程度. 結果 7次打擊的峰值力為5.214~9.526 kN,最長作用時間為33.0 ms,最大遲量為91.8 N·s,最大平均遲力為4.478 kN.X線影像學診斷顯示標本均未髮生骨摺. 結論 本次落錘遲擊試驗中,坐姿人體膝部(股骨遠耑)可承受小于9.5 kN且作用時間不超過20 ms,或小于91N·s的垂直于股骨的遲擊載荷.本試驗結果對確定穿蓋彈射時的遲擊力限值具有參攷價值.
목적 통과생물역학시험,험증천개탄사과정중인체슬부수도창개파리급기쇄편당격시적손상정도,위천개탄사구생장치적설계、연제、감정험수제공생이학의거. 방법 재락추식충격태상모의천개탄사시창개대슬부적충격력.근거지전시험설계적예치,타격7구하지표본적슬부.용탄사력재하측량계통기록타격력적치급작용시간,병계산충력화충량.용X선영상판단손상정도. 결과 7차타격적봉치력위5.214~9.526 kN,최장작용시간위33.0 ms,최대충량위91.8 N·s,최대평균충력위4.478 kN.X선영상학진단현시표본균미발생골절. 결론 본차락추충격시험중,좌자인체슬부(고골원단)가승수소우9.5 kN차작용시간불초과20 ms,혹소우91N·s적수직우고골적충격재하.본시험결과대학정천개탄사시적충격력한치구유삼고개치.
Objective To verify the injury degree of knee and thigh impacted by cabin glass and its fragments in through the canopy ejection by hiomechanics test and to put forward the physiological evidences for the design,development and evaluation of the through-the-canopy ejection lifesaving device.Methods The impact force produced by cabin glass or its fragment was simulated by falling hammer in impact tests.The knee and thigh of 7 specimens were impacted based on the predicted value that estimated before experiment,the impact power value and the acting time were recorded by sensor testing system and the impulsive force and impulse were calculated.The injury degree was judged upon X ray examination.Results The powers of 7 impacts ranged from 5.214 kN to 9.526 kN,the longest acting time was 33.0 ms,the maximum impulse was 91.8 N · s and the maximum average impact force was 4.478 kN.No fraction was found by X ray image diagnosis.Conclusions In falling hammer impact tests the impact load underwent by the knee and thigh (the end of femur) in sitting posture is less than 9.5 kN and the acting time does not exceed 20 ms,or the vertical impact to femur is less than 91 N· s.Those would be valuable for determining the impact threshold in the evaluation of ejection performance.