CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解宁夏回族自治区慢性阻塞性肺疾病(简称慢阻肺)的患病率及诊治状况.方法制定流行病学调查表,采用多级分层整群随机抽样方法,选取宁夏回族自治区大武口市、银川市、吴忠市和泾源县≥40岁人群进行问卷调查、肺功能检测及确诊,分类变量采用构成比或患病率进行描述,各分层间比较采用x2检验.结果共调查4626人,纳入资料完整、有肺功能检查结果且质量控制合格的4055例,平均年龄(56±12)岁.慢阻肺总患病率为8.9％(360/4055),其中男性患病率(13.0％,243/1869)显著高于女性(5.4％,117/2186),汉族人口患病率(9.4％,226/2417)显著高于回族人口(8.0％,129/1616),农村人口患病率(9.8％,199/2035)显著高于城镇人口(8.0％,161/2020),吸烟者患病率(15.4％,180/1168)显著高于不吸烟者(6.2％,180/2887),差异均有统计学意义(x2值为4.10 ～ 94.65,P＜0.05和P＜0.01)；不同地区的慢阻肺患病率:银川市为8.1％(93/1142),泾源县为9.0％(101/1016),大武口市为8.7％(76/878),吴忠市为8.8％(90/1019),差异无统计学意义(x2=2.12,P＞0.05)；慢阻肺的诊断率为23.6％ (85/360),治疗率为23.3％(84/360)；肺功能分级Ⅱ级患者所占比例最高(64.2％,231/360).结论宁夏回族自治区≥40岁人群慢阻肺的总体患病率为8.9％(360/4055),慢阻肺的诊断率和治疗率均较低,应该加强对肺功能检查重要性的认识,对慢阻肺患者应进行早期干预.
목적 료해저하회족자치구만성조새성폐질병(간칭만조폐)적환병솔급진치상황.방법 제정류행병학조사표,채용다급분층정군수궤추양방법,선취저하회족자치구대무구시、은천시、오충시화경원현≥40세인군진행문권조사、폐공능검측급학진,분류변량채용구성비혹환병솔진행묘술,각분층간비교채용x2검험.결과 공조사4626인,납입자료완정、유폐공능검사결과차질량공제합격적4055례,평균년령(56±12)세.만조폐총환병솔위8.9％(360/4055),기중남성환병솔(13.0％,243/1869)현저고우녀성(5.4％,117/2186),한족인구환병솔(9.4％,226/2417)현저고우회족인구(8.0％,129/1616),농촌인구환병솔(9.8％,199/2035)현저고우성진인구(8.0％,161/2020),흡연자환병솔(15.4％,180/1168)현저고우불흡연자(6.2％,180/2887),차이균유통계학의의(x2치위4.10 ～ 94.65,P＜0.05화P＜0.01)；불동지구적만조폐환병솔:은천시위8.1％(93/1142),경원현위9.0％(101/1016),대무구시위8.7％(76/878),오충시위8.8％(90/1019),차이무통계학의의(x2=2.12,P＞0.05)；만조폐적진단솔위23.6％ (85/360),치료솔위23.3％(84/360)；폐공능분급Ⅱ급환자소점비례최고(64.2％,231/360).결론 저하회족자치구≥40세인군만조폐적총체환병솔위8.9％(360/4055),만조폐적진단솔화치료솔균교저,응해가강대폐공능검사중요성적인식,대만조폐환자응진행조기간예.
Objective To investigate the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its current status of diagnosis and management in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China.Methods Using multi-stage cluster random sampling,all residents 40 years of age or older in Dawukou,Yinchuan,Wuzhong,and Jingyuan were randomly selected and interviewed with a standardized questionnaire.Spirometry was performed in all eligible participants and COPD diagnosis was made according to the spirometric criteria.The categorical variables were described by the constituent ratio or prevalence and compared by x2 test.Results Among 4626 sampling subjects,4055 participants completed the questionnaire and spirometry.The mean age was (56 ± 12) years.The overall prevalence of COPD was 8.9％ (360/4055).The prevalence was significantly higher in males [13.0％ (243/1869)] than in females [5.4％ (117/2186)].The prevalence of COPD was significantly higher in residents of Han nationality,rural residents and smokers (x2 =4.10-94.65,P ＜0.05 and P ＜0.01).There was no significant difference in COPD prevalence among different regions of Ningxia; 8.7％ (76/878),8.1％(93/1142),8.8％ (90/1019) and 9.0％ (101/1016) in Dawukou,Yinchuan,Wuzhong,and Jingyuan (x2 =2.12,P ＞0.05),respectively.Only 23.6％ (85/360) of the COPD cases was diagnosed and only 23.3％ (84/360) was treated.By lung function measurements,grade Ⅱ COPD accounted for 64.2％ (231/360) of the cases.Conclusions The prevalence of COPD in Ningxia was 8.9％ (360/4055) in people 40 years of age or older.The current status of diagnosis and management of COPD in this region was far from satisfactory.It was necessary to strengthen the awareness of the importance of pulmonary function tests and early intervention of COPD.