CAJ | 학술논문

目的初步探讨我国女性自杀率高于男性的原因.方法依据2009年1月至2010年12月某县自杀行为医院报告系统登记的年龄≥10岁的自杀或误服者资料(包括姓名、性别、年龄、自杀或误服方式、是否死亡等)及该县全死因报告系统中自杀死亡者资料,监测该县自杀未遂和自杀死亡发生情况.结果两年共报告因自杀行为到医院救治的患者406例,其中366例自杀未遂.同期有57例自杀死亡.该县年均自杀未遂率67.1/10万(366/545 339),女性自杀未遂率(96.1/10万,254/264 177)是男性(39.5/10万,111/281 162)的2.44倍；年均自杀率10.5/10万(57/545 339)；自杀行为发生率77.6/10万(423/545 339),女性(107.5/10万,284/264 177)是男性(49.1/10万,138/281 162)的2.19倍.自杀未遂/死亡比为6.42:1.所有423例实施了自杀行为者中,19.6％(27/138)的男性自杀死亡,10.6％ (30/284)的女性自杀死亡.66.7％(244/366)的自杀未遂者服用农药自杀.结论女性自杀行为发生率是男性的2.19倍,而男性自杀行为致死率不到女性的2倍,导致女性自杀率高于男性.
목적 초보탐토아국녀성자살솔고우남성적원인.방법 의거2009년1월지2010년12월모현자살행위의원보고계통등기적년령≥10세적자살혹오복자자료(포괄성명、성별、년령、자살혹오복방식、시부사망등)급해현전사인보고계통중자살사망자자료,감측해현자살미수화자살사망발생정황.결과 량년공보고인자살행위도의원구치적환자406례,기중366례자살미수.동기유57례자살사망.해현년균자살미수솔67.1/10만(366/545 339),녀성자살미수솔(96.1/10만,254/264 177)시남성(39.5/10만,111/281 162)적2.44배；년균자살솔10.5/10만(57/545 339)；자살행위발생솔77.6/10만(423/545 339),녀성(107.5/10만,284/264 177)시남성(49.1/10만,138/281 162)적2.19배.자살미수/사망비위6.42:1.소유423례실시료자살행위자중,19.6％(27/138)적남성자살사망,10.6％ (30/284)적녀성자살사망.66.7％(244/366)적자살미수자복용농약자살.결론 녀성자살행위발생솔시남성적2.19배,이남성자살행위치사솔불도녀성적2배,도치녀성자살솔고우남성.
Objective To explore the underlying mechanism of why the suicide rate in females is higher than in males in China.Methods A county-wide suicide reporting system was established in Shaan'xi Province,to monitor suicidal behaviors,including attempted and completed suicide.From Jan.I,2009 to Dec.31,2010,all patients over 10 years of age treated in 14 general hospitals in the county for suicidal behaviors or accidental self-harm were identified.For each identified cases,information including name,sex,age,specific characteristics of the self-harm (method,time,etc.) and outcome,was recorded on a standardized form by an interviewer.Death certifications provided by the county's Center of Diseases Control (CDC) were used to identify all completed suicides (International Classification of Diseases,ICD codes X60-X84) occurred from Jan.1,2009 to Dec.31,2010.Results In the 2 years investigation periods,406 patients with suicidal behaviors were identified,in which 366 were suicide attempters.In the same two years,57 person in this county died by suicide.The annual attempted suicide rate in the county was 67.1 per 100 000 (366/545 339),and the ratio of attempted suicide rate of females (96.1/100 000,254/264 177) to males (39.5/100 000,111/281 162) was 2.44.The annual suicide rate was 10.5 per 100 000 (57/545 339).The rate of serious suicidal behavior was 77.6/100 000 (423/545 339),and the ratio of rates of serious suicidal behavior of females (107.5/100 000,284/264 177) to males (49.1/100 000,138/281 162) was 2.19.The ratio of annual rate of attempters to completes was 6.42:1.Among all the 423 cases who committed suicidal behaviors,19.6％ male cases (27/138) and 10.6％ female cases (30/284) were died by suicide.Sixty-seven percent (244/366) attempters committed suicidal behaviors with pesticide.Conclusions The rate of serious suicidal behaviors is 2.19-fold higher in females than in males,but the fatality of suicidal behaviors is 1.85-fold higher in males than in females,which contribute to a higher suicide rates in females than males in China.