CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查广州市货运司机鼾症和睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的患病率并分析其相关危险因素.方法采用整群抽样的方法对广州市5家物流公司374名货运司机进行抽样问卷调查,对可疑鼾症或OSAHS者进行夜间多导睡眠监测仪监测.推算此类人群中鼾症及OSAHS的发病率；并对OSAHS发生进行相关危险因素分析.结果实际完成调查人数335名,应答率90％；习惯性打鼾125名(37.3％),以呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)≥5次/h为标准,调查人群中OSAHS发病率为42名(12.5％)；多元逐步回归分析发现,年龄、饮酒、打鼾家族史、体质量指数(BMI)及上气道异常是OSAHS发生的危险因素.其中≥2级打鼾者及OSAHS者在白天行车过程中经常感到睡意的占65.4％,因嗜睡发生过交通意外或险些发生交通意外的占42％,此外95.5％(320/335)司机认为打鼾不是病；98％的调查者不认为行车出现的意外可能会和打鼾有关.结论货运司机鼾症的患病率为37.3％,OSAHS的患病率为12.5％.应根据其流行特点制定相应防治策略,加强货运司机的宣传教育,提高他们疲劳驾驶导致嗜睡、鼾症对驾驶安全的威胁的认识,降低其患病率,自觉参与并认真接受监管,将此类职业危害降到最低程度.
목적 조사엄주시화운사궤한증화수면호흡잠정저통기종합정(OSAHS)적환병솔병분석기상관위험인소.방법 채용정군추양적방법대엄주시5가물류공사374명화운사궤진행추양문권조사,대가의한증혹OSAHS자진행야간다도수면감측의감측.추산차류인군중한증급OSAHS적발병솔；병대OSAHS발생진행상관위험인소분석.결과 실제완성조사인수335명,응답솔90％；습관성타한125명(37.3％),이호흡잠정저통기지수(AHI)≥5차/h위표준,조사인군중OSAHS발병솔위42명(12.5％)；다원축보회귀분석발현,년령、음주、타한가족사、체질량지수(BMI)급상기도이상시OSAHS발생적위험인소.기중≥2급타한자급OSAHS자재백천행차과정중경상감도수의적점65.4％,인기수발생과교통의외혹험사발생교통의외적점42％,차외95.5％(320/335)사궤인위타한불시병；98％적조사자불인위행차출현적의외가능회화타한유관.결론 화운사궤한증적환병솔위37.3％,OSAHS적환병솔위12.5％.응근거기류행특점제정상응방치책략,가강화운사궤적선전교육,제고타문피로가사도치기수、한증대가사안전적위협적인식,강저기환병솔,자각삼여병인진접수감관,장차류직업위해강도최저정도.
Objective To investigate the prevalence rates of snoring disease and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and their risk factors among truck drivers in Guangzhou,China.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted in 374 truck drivers who were selected from 5 logistics companies in Guangzhou by cluster sampling.Those who had potential snoring disease or OSAHS underwent polysomnographic monitoring at night.The obtained data were analyzed to calculate the prevalence rates of snoring disease and OSAHS and determine the risk factors for OSAHS.Results A total of 335 subjects completely questionnaires,with a response rate of 90％.Among the 335 subjects,125 (37.3％) had habitual snoring,and 42 (12.5％) had OSAHS according to the diagnostic criterion (apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 5 times/h).The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the risk factors for OSAHS were age,alcohol use,family history of snoring,body mass index,and upper airway abnormality.Of the subjects with grade ≥2 snoring and OSAHS,65.4％ often felt sleepy when driving during daytime,and 42％ had suffered or nearly suffered traffic accidents due to sleepiness when driving.Moreover,95.5％ (320) of the 335 truck drivers did not consider snoring a disease,and 98％ did not think traffic accident might be related to snoring.Conclusion The prevalence rates of snoring disease and OSAHS among truck drivers are 37.3％ and 12.5％,respectively.Therefore,prevention measures should be established according to the epidemiological characteristics to help the truck drivers realize the hazards of snoring disease and OSAHS,thus minimizing the prevalence and hazards of the diseases.