CAJ | 학술논문

目的分析电子行业洁净车间作业人员的职业倦怠感、抑郁倾向及职业紧张状况,为进一步的干预提供依据.方法以某电子企业洁净车间391名作业人员为研究对象,选择同一企业与该洁净车间作业人员在年龄构成、性别构成、工龄、日工作时间、倒班制、劳动强度均接近的205名普通车间作业人员为对照组,进行问卷调查.用专业量表调查问卷,分析比较两者工作倦怠感、抑郁症状和职业紧张状况.结果洁净车间倦怠感检出率为19.7％(77/391),普通车间为19.3％(39/202)；洁净车间抑郁倾向检出率为24.8％(97/391),普通车间为23.8％(48/202)；洁净车间职业紧张检出率为88.5％(346/391);普通车间为84.6％(171/202).两类车间的倦怠感、抑郁倾向及职业紧张检出率的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).两类车间作业人员的倦怠感、抑郁得分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),洁净车间工人职业紧张得分高于普通车间,差异有统计学意义(P=0.015).洁净车间男性职业紧张得分高于洁净车间女性和普通车间男性,普通车间女性紧张得分高于男性,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).洁净车间年龄≥22岁的职业紧张得分及工龄≥1.5年的职业紧张检出率均高于年龄＜22岁组和工龄＜1.5年组.调整年龄和性别后,洁净车间工龄≥1.5年组职业紧张危险度是同工龄组普通车间的3.78倍,95％CI为1.54～9.31.紧张程度与社会支持程度呈明显的负相关(r=-0.401,P＜0.01).结论电子企业作业人员职业倦怠感、抑郁倾向及职业紧张水平比较高,洁净车间作业人员职业紧张水平高于普通车间,男性作业人员更为突出.
목적 분석전자행업길정차간작업인원적직업권태감、억욱경향급직업긴장상황,위진일보적간예제공의거.방법 이모전자기업길정차간391명작업인원위연구대상,선택동일기업여해길정차간작업인원재년령구성、성별구성、공령、일공작시간、도반제、노동강도균접근적205명보통차간작업인원위대조조,진행문권조사.용전업량표조사문권,분석비교량자공작권태감、억욱증상화직업긴장상황.결과 길정차간권태감검출솔위19.7％(77/391),보통차간위19.3％(39/202)；길정차간억욱경향검출솔위24.8％(97/391),보통차간위23.8％(48/202)；길정차간직업긴장검출솔위88.5％(346/391);보통차간위84.6％(171/202).량류차간적권태감、억욱경향급직업긴장검출솔적차이무통계학의의(P＞0.05).량류차간작업인원적권태감、억욱득분차이무통계학의의(P＞0.05),길정차간공인직업긴장득분고우보통차간,차이유통계학의의(P=0.015).길정차간남성직업긴장득분고우길정차간녀성화보통차간남성,보통차간녀성긴장득분고우남성,차이균유통계학의의(P＜0.05혹P＜0.01).길정차간년령≥22세적직업긴장득분급공령≥1.5년적직업긴장검출솔균고우년령＜22세조화공령＜1.5년조.조정년령화성별후,길정차간공령≥1.5년조직업긴장위험도시동공령조보통차간적3.78배,95％CI위1.54～9.31.긴장정도여사회지지정도정명현적부상관(r=-0.401,P＜0.01).결론 전자기업작업인원직업권태감、억욱경향급직업긴장수평비교고,길정차간작업인원직업긴장수평고우보통차간,남성작업인원경위돌출.
Objective The aim is to learn the situation of work stress,burnout and depression in clean workshops of electronic company by investigation,and provide the clues for the further interventions as well as the basic data for the future evaluation.Methods The survey was carried out in a electronic company in Xishan,Wuxi city.The subjects including all the 395 employees in clean workshops and 205 in ordinary workshops were asked to fill in an anonymous cross-sectional questionnaire,in which the distributions of age,gender,job duration,working time and working strength were similar between two kinds of workshops.The response rate was 98.9％.Results There were no significant differences between clean and ordinary workshops in age,gender,smoking,drinking and working hours,except for employed years.It was not found that any differences between two kinds of workshop for the rates of burnout,depression and stress.However,the rates of burnout,depression and stress were 19.7％(77/391),24.8％(97/391) and 88.5％(346/391) in clean workshops and 19.3％(39/202),23.8％(48/202) and 84.6％(171/202) in ordinary workshops.There were no significant differences between two workshops for the scores of burnout and depression,but the stress score in clean workshops was higher than that of ordinary workshop (P=0.015).Further stratified analysis found that stress score of male in clean workshop was higher than that of female (P=0.002),while it was inverse in ordinary workshops (P=0.034).In addition,the stress score of male in clean workshops was significantly higher than that of male in ordinary one (P=0.003).The stress score of workers with age ≥ 22 year old was higher than that of age ＜22 in clean workshops,while the stress rate of workers with job duration ≥ 1.6 years was more than that of those with the shorter job duration.The risk of stress in clean workshops was as 3.78 times as ordinary one and the 95％ confidence interval was 1.54～9.31 after adjusted age and gender.There were negative correlations between stress and society support in both clean and ordinary workshops.Conclusion The levels of work stress,burnout and depression were high in this electronic company.The stress in clean workshops was more serious than that of ordinary ones,especially for the males.