CAJ | 학술논문

目的描述绍兴市2006至2011年急性农药中毒特征,为预防和控制农药中毒提供参考.方法利用中国疾病预防控制信息系统中绍兴市2006至2011年农药中毒报告的数据并进行整理分析.结果 2006至2011年绍兴市共报告急性农药中毒2024例,漏报44例,漏报率为2.1％(44/2086).死亡119例,病死率5.9％(119/2024),其中生产性中毒病死率为1.0％(3/289),非生产性中毒病死率为6.7％(116/1735).女性急性农药中毒1038例(51.3％),男性986例(48.7％),各年度不同性别急性农药中毒构成比的差异无统计学意义(x2=9.16,P=0.10).2024例急性农药中毒病例平均年龄为(47.0±18.7)岁,其中男性(50.7±19.0)岁,女性(43.4±17.8)岁,男性急性农药中毒病例的平均年龄高于女性,差异有统计学意义(t=9.01,P＜0.001).生产性中毒289例,占全部病例的14.3％,其中男性生产性中毒22.2％(219/986)；非生产性中毒1735例,占全部病例的85.7％.其中女性非生产性中毒93.3％(968/1038).2024例中毒病例的中毒农药为杀虫剂中毒86.7％(1754/2024),除草剂5.1％ (104/2024),杀鼠剂3.6％(72/2024),杀菌剂、混合制剂、生物化学农药以及其他4类共占4.6％(94/2024).杀虫剂中有机磷中毒占83.0％(1455/1754).结论绍兴市非生产性急性农药中毒发生率较高,且以女性为主,30～ 60岁组人群中毒的构成比较高；中毒农药主要为杀虫剂.应进一步加强健康知识宣传教育和农药的安全管理.
목적 묘술소흥시2006지2011년급성농약중독특정,위예방화공제농약중독제공삼고.방법 이용중국질병예방공제신식계통중소흥시2006지2011년농약중독보고적수거병진행정리분석.결과 2006지2011년소흥시공보고급성농약중독2024례,루보44례,루보솔위2.1％(44/2086).사망119례,병사솔5.9％(119/2024),기중생산성중독병사솔위1.0％(3/289),비생산성중독병사솔위6.7％(116/1735).녀성급성농약중독1038례(51.3％),남성986례(48.7％),각년도불동성별급성농약중독구성비적차이무통계학의의(x2=9.16,P=0.10).2024례급성농약중독병례평균년령위(47.0±18.7)세,기중남성(50.7±19.0)세,녀성(43.4±17.8)세,남성급성농약중독병례적평균년령고우녀성,차이유통계학의의(t=9.01,P＜0.001).생산성중독289례,점전부병례적14.3％,기중남성생산성중독22.2％(219/986)；비생산성중독1735례,점전부병례적85.7％.기중녀성비생산성중독93.3％(968/1038).2024례중독병례적중독농약위살충제중독86.7％(1754/2024),제초제5.1％ (104/2024),살서제3.6％(72/2024),살균제、혼합제제、생물화학농약이급기타4류공점4.6％(94/2024).살충제중유궤린중독점83.0％(1455/1754).결론 소흥시비생산성급성농약중독발생솔교고,차이녀성위주,30～ 60세조인군중독적구성비교고；중독농약주요위살충제.응진일보가강건강지식선전교육화농약적안전관리.
Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of acute pesticide poisoning in Shaoxing,China during 2006-2011 and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of pesticide poisoning.Methods The data on pesticide poisoning in Shaoxing during 2006-2011 were obtained from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and were then analyzed.Results A total of 2024 cases of acute pesticide poisoning were reported in Shaoxing during 2006-2011,and 44 cases were missed,accounting for 2.1％ (44/2068) of all cases.Among the 2024 cases,119 (5.9％) died; the fatality rates of productive poisoning and unproductive poisoning were 1.0％ (3/289) and 6.7％ (116/1735),respectively.The reported cases included 1038 (51.3％) females and 986 (48.7％) males,and there were no significant differences in the ratio between male and female cases of acute pesticide poisoning from 2006 to 2011 (x2=9.16,P=0.10).The 2024 cases had a mean age of 47.0±18.7 years; the male cases had a significantly higher mean age than the female cases (50.7±19.0 vs 43.4±17.8 years,t=9.01,P＜0.001).Among the 2024 cases,289 (14.3％) suffered productive poisoning,and 1735 (85.7％) suffered unproductive poisoning.In the 986 male cases,219 (22.2％) suffered productive poisoning; in the 1038 female cases,968 (93.3％) suffered unproductive poisoning.The pesticides that caused poisoning included insecticide (86.7％,1754/2024),herbicide (5.1％,104/2024),rodenticide (3.6％,72/2024),and bactericide,mixed preparation,biochemical pesticides,and other four categories of pesticides (4.6％,94/2024); of the 1754 cases caused by insecticide,1455 (83.0％) were attributed to organophosphorus insecticide.Conclusion The incidence of unproductive acute pesticide poisoning is high in Shaoxing,and it mainly affects females.Most cases of acute pesticide poisoning are aged 30～60 years.Insecticide is the main cause of poisoning.It is necessary to enhance health knowledge popularization and safety management of pesticides.