CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解浙江杭州、绍兴、嘉兴三市社区老年人高血压前期和高血压患病率及心血管病危险因素分布特征. 方法采用整群随机抽样方法,抽取2011年三市≥60岁常住人口1348例,运用SAS9.0统计软件进行卡方检验,对≥60岁老年人高血压前期和高血压患病及危险因素分布情况进行分析. 结果 2011年4月至7月共调查≥60岁老年人1348例,老年高血压前期患病率37.5％,标化患病率35.6％;高血压患病率30.6％,标化患病率28.9％.老年人理想血压人群、高m压前期和高血压患者合并的心血管病危险因素分布和聚集情况进行分析,老年高血压患者中,目前吸烟、运动锻炼率较理想血压人群减少(分别为19.9％和21.4％,31.8％和47.1％;均P＜0.05),肥胖、高三酰甘油血症和3个及以上危险因素合并率较理想血压人群升高(分别为15.1％和4.6％,13.8％和4.4％,26.2％和13.9％;均P＜0.05).老年高血压前期患者中,运动锻炼较理想血压人群减少(41.6％和47.1％,P＜0.05),男性、合并有2个或3个及以上危险因素较理想血压人群增加(分别为45.7％和34.6％,25.2％和20.2％,22.4％和13.9％;均P＜0.05).提示老年高血压患者合并心肌梗死、脑卒中和糖尿病较高血压前期患者升高,分别为0.5％和0.0％,1.7％和0.2％,5.6％和2.2％,均P＜0.05. 结论浙江省老年居民高血压标化患病率较≥35岁成年人高,老年高血压和高血压前期患者普遍存在运动锻炼减少.老年高血压患者肥胖和高三酰甘油血症危险因素升高,但吸烟率较高血压前期患者下降.老年高血压和高血压前期患者需加强运动锻炼指导,关注肥胖、血脂异常等多重危险因素的干预,在老年高血压患者中开展戒烟干预可能是有效的.
목적 료해절강항주、소흥、가흥삼시사구노년인고혈압전기화고혈압환병솔급심혈관병위험인소분포특정. 방법 채용정군수궤추양방법,추취2011년삼시≥60세상주인구1348례,운용SAS9.0통계연건진행잡방검험,대≥60세노년인고혈압전기화고혈압환병급위험인소분포정황진행분석. 결과 2011년4월지7월공조사≥60세노년인1348례,노년고혈압전기환병솔37.5％,표화환병솔35.6％;고혈압환병솔30.6％,표화환병솔28.9％.노년인이상혈압인군、고m압전기화고혈압환자합병적심혈관병위험인소분포화취집정황진행분석,노년고혈압환자중,목전흡연、운동단련솔교이상혈압인군감소(분별위19.9％화21.4％,31.8％화47.1％;균P＜0.05),비반、고삼선감유혈증화3개급이상위험인소합병솔교이상혈압인군승고(분별위15.1％화4.6％,13.8％화4.4％,26.2％화13.9％;균P＜0.05).노년고혈압전기환자중,운동단련교이상혈압인군감소(41.6％화47.1％,P＜0.05),남성、합병유2개혹3개급이상위험인소교이상혈압인군증가(분별위45.7％화34.6％,25.2％화20.2％,22.4％화13.9％;균P＜0.05).제시노년고혈압환자합병심기경사、뇌졸중화당뇨병교고혈압전기환자승고,분별위0.5％화0.0％,1.7％화0.2％,5.6％화2.2％,균P＜0.05. 결론 절강성노년거민고혈압표화환병솔교≥35세성년인고,노년고혈압화고혈압전기환자보편존재운동단련감소.노년고혈압환자비반화고삼선감유혈증위험인소승고,단흡연솔교고혈압전기환자하강.노년고혈압화고혈압전기환자수가강운동단련지도,관주비반、혈지이상등다중위험인소적간예,재노년고혈압환자중개전계연간예가능시유효적.
Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors for prehypertension and hypertension among the older adults in Hangzhou,Shaoxing,Jiaxing in Zhejiang province.Methods A total of 1348 people aged 60 years and over were selected by stratified cluster random sampling in 2011,the risk factors were analyzed through SAS9.0.Results 1348 subjects were included in the survey from April to July in 2011.The prevalence of pre-hypertension and hypertension was 37.5％ and 30.6 ％,and the standardized prevalence rates were 35.6％ and 28.9％ respectively.In the elderly with hypertension versus normal blood pressure,the rates of smoking and exercising were lower (19.9％ vs.21.4％,31.8％ vs.47.1％,P＜0.05),but the rates of obesity,hypertriglyceridemiaand having 3 or more risk factors were higher (15.1％ vs.4.6％,13.8％vs.4.4％,26.2％,13.9％,P＜0.05).Among the elderly patients with pre-hypertension,less subjects had exercise compared to subjects with normal blood pressure (45.7％ vs.34.6％,P＜0.05),and the rates in male,having 2 or more than 3 risk factors were increased compared with the group with normal blood pressure (45.7％ vs.34.6％,25.2％ vs.20.2％,22.4％ vs.13.9％,P＜0.05).There were more subjects in the group with hypertension that having myocardial infarction,stroke and diabetes than the in the group with pre-hypertension,the rates were 0.5％ vs.0.0％,1.7％ vs.0.2％,5.6％ vs.2.2％(P＜0.05).Conclusions The standardized prevalence of hypertension is higher in the elderly than in ones aged 35 years and over,and the subjects with hypertension or pre-hypertension in the elderly have less exercise.The risk factors for obesity and hypertriglyceridemia are more in the hypertensive,but less smokers compared with the group of prehypertension.Guidance of sports is necessary among the elderly with hypertension and prehypertension,and more attention should be paied to the intervention of obesity,hypertriglyceridemia and other risk factors.It may be an effective way to have intervention of smoking cessation among the hypertensive elderly.