CAJ | 학술논문

目的探讨云南省部分地区微红纤恙螨的分布和宿主选择情况.方法根据云南省不同地理方位、地形、地貌、气候与生态等特点,于2001-2011年选取23个县(市)为野外调查点,用鼠笼(夹)加食饵诱捕小型哺乳动物(小兽)宿主.选择小兽的双侧耳廓和外耳道采集恙螨幼虫,用Hoyer's液常规封片后在显微镜下逐一鉴定螨种.统计微红纤恙螨在不同地域、不同景观和不同宿主小兽体表的分布情况.计算微红纤恙螨在不同宿主小兽体表的感染率(P)、平均多度(MA)和感染度(MI)并分析三者间的线性关系,用聚块指数(m*/m)测定其在宿主不同个体间的空间分布格局.结果 23个县(市)中有4个县(市)采集到微红纤恙螨(共654只,占所有恙螨的0.603％).96.637％的微红纤恙螨采自坝区地理景观(尤其是较低海拔地区),只有3.363％的微红纤恙螨采自山区景观.宿主大类选择显示,采自啮齿目(鼠类)、食虫目(鼩鼱)和攀鼩目(树鼩)小兽体表的微红纤恙螨分别为96.296％、2.469％和1.235％,而兔形目等小兽体表未采集到.宿主种类选择显示,所捕获的5目12科34属67种小兽中,有7种小兽采集到微红纤恙螨,其中96.788％采自黄胸鼠(P=3.776％,MI=8.792只螨/鼠),其次是板齿鼠.聚块指数显示,微红纤恙螨在大多数宿主小兽不同个体间的分布呈聚集分布格局.结论云南省存在微红纤恙螨,但是数量较少.其主要分布在海拔较低的坝区,寄生多种小兽宿主,宿主特异性低,但主要倾向于寄生在黄胸鼠等家栖小兽体表.
목적 탐토운남성부분지구미홍섬양만적분포화숙주선택정황.방법 근거운남성불동지리방위、지형、지모、기후여생태등특점,우2001-2011년선취23개현(시)위야외조사점,용서롱(협)가식이유포소형포유동물(소수)숙주.선택소수적쌍측이곽화외이도채집양만유충,용Hoyer's액상규봉편후재현미경하축일감정만충.통계미홍섬양만재불동지역、불동경관화불동숙주소수체표적분포정황.계산미홍섬양만재불동숙주소수체표적감염솔(P)、평균다도(MA)화감염도(MI)병분석삼자간적선성관계,용취괴지수(m*/m)측정기재숙주불동개체간적공간분포격국.결과 23개현(시)중유4개현(시)채집도미홍섬양만(공654지,점소유양만적0.603％).96.637％적미홍섬양만채자패구지리경관(우기시교저해발지구),지유3.363％적미홍섬양만채자산구경관.숙주대류선택현시,채자교치목(서류)、식충목(구정)화반구목(수구)소수체표적미홍섬양만분별위96.296％、2.469％화1.235％,이토형목등소수체표미채집도.숙주충류선택현시,소포획적5목12과34속67충소수중,유7충소수채집도미홍섬양만,기중96.788％채자황흉서(P=3.776％,MI=8.792지만/서),기차시판치서.취괴지수현시,미홍섬양만재대다수숙주소수불동개체간적분포정취집분포격국.결론 운남성존재미홍섬양만,단시수량교소.기주요분포재해발교저적패구,기생다충소수숙주,숙주특이성저,단주요경향우기생재황흉서등가서소수체표.
Objective To investigate the geographical distribution and host selection of Leptotrombidium rubellum among different small mammal hosts in some areas of Yunnan province,China.Methods Field survey was carried out in 23 counties of Yunnan province between 2001 and 2011.Small mammal hosts were captured with mouse cages and traps with baits.Chigger mites on the surface of two auricles were scraped off by a bistoury,and then preserved in 70％ ethanol.Every specimen of the chigger mites on the slides was finally identified into species under a microscope.Some conventional statistical methods were adopted to calculate all the collected chigger mite species and the constituent ratios of L,.rubellum in different areas and on different hosts,with prevalence (P),mean intensity (MI) and mean abundance (MA) on different hosts calculated.Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship among P,MI and MA.Patch index (m*/m) was used to measure the spatial patterns of L.rubellum among different individuals of related small mammal hosts.Results A total of 108 480 chigger mites were collected from the body surface of all the captured small mammal hosts.All the collected chigger mites were identified as 3 subfamilies,24 genera and 234 species.Of the 234 species of chigger mites,654 individuals of L.rubellum were collected,only in 4 counties.The collected individuals of L.rubellum accounted for 0.603％ of the total mites (108 480 individuals).96.637％ of L.rubellum came from flatland areas and habitats while only 3.363％ of the L.rubellum were from the mountainous regions.The orderings of the hosts appeared as Rodentia and Insectivora harbored 96.296％ and 2.469％ respectively,of the collected while Lagomorpha and other orders there was no L rubellum found.Of 67 species (in 34 genera and 12 families of 5 orders),Rattus tanezumi (in genus Rattus and family Muridae of Rodentia)harbored 96.788％ of the collected L.rubellum with relatively low prevalence (P=3.776％) or mean intensity (MI=8.792 mites/per host),followed by Bandicota indica.Data from the patch index showed that L rubellum had an aggregated distribution pattern among different individuals of their hosts.Conclusion L.rubellum existed in Yunnan province with relatively rare numbers of the individuals.In Yunnan province,L.rubellum was mainly found in the flatland regions and habitats with relatively low altitude.L.rubellum could parasitize several different species of hosts with low host specificity,but it prefered to choose Rattus tanezumi and some other house-dwelling small mammals as its main hosts.