CAJ | 학술논문

目的描述我国≥15岁人群精神残疾的流行强度和特征.方法采用描述性流行病学研究方法分析第二次全国残疾人抽样调查相关资料,计算≥15岁人群精神残疾的残疾率和构成比.结果共调查771 797户2 526 145人,其中≥15岁多重残疾者15 155人,残疾率为6.01‰;单一残疾者11 501人,残疾率为4.57‰.单一精神残疾者中精神病性障碍的构成比为64.58％;心境障碍和癫痫的构成比分别为6.28％和6.27％;神经症性障碍占5.95％;痴呆占5.19％;其余精神障碍占11.74％.精神病性障碍者的生活能力和社会功能损害最严重,其次为痴呆、其他器质性障碍以及癫痫残疾者.痴呆致残最为严重,一级残疾构成比达44.89％.心境障碍和神经症性障碍所致残疾的功能损害较轻,但构成比较高.结论第二次抽样调查的精神残疾率高于第一次,精神病性障碍为精神残疾中最主要的致残疾病,痴呆是致残最严重的疾病.
목적 묘술아국≥15세인군정신잔질적류행강도화특정.방법 채용묘술성류행병학연구방법분석제이차전국잔질인추양조사상관자료,계산≥15세인군정신잔질적잔질솔화구성비.결과 공조사771 797호2 526 145인,기중≥15세다중잔질자15 155인,잔질솔위6.01‰;단일잔질자11 501인,잔질솔위4.57‰.단일정신잔질자중정신병성장애적구성비위64.58％;심경장애화전간적구성비분별위6.28％화6.27％;신경증성장애점5.95％;치태점5.19％;기여정신장애점11.74％.정신병성장애자적생활능력화사회공능손해최엄중,기차위치태、기타기질성장애이급전간잔질자.치태치잔최위엄중,일급잔질구성비체44.89％.심경장애화신경증성장애소치잔질적공능손해교경,단구성비교고.결론 제이차추양조사적정신잔질솔고우제일차,정신병성장애위정신잔질중최주요적치잔질병,치태시치잔최엄중적질병.
Objective To describe the prevalence and characteristics of mental disabilities in China.Methods The data from the Second National Sample Survey on Disability were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method and the overall prevalence rates of mental disabilities were statistically calculated.Results Among 2 526 145 respondents,15 155 of them more than 15 years old were diagnosed as mental disabilities,with the prevalence rate as 6.01‰.The prevalence rate of disabilities caused only by mental disorders was 4.57‰ with 11 501 more than 15 years old.The prevalence rate of disability caused only by mental disorders was 4.67‰ with 11 501 adults.Of the disability cases that exclusively caused by mental disorders,64.58％ of them were attributable to schizophrenia,schizotypal or delusional disorders,6.28％ were mood disorder,and 6.27％ were epilepsy disability,followed by neurotic,stress-related and somatoform disorders (5.95％),dementia (5.19％),and other disabilities (less than 11.74％).Disabilities that attributable to schizophrenia,schizotypal and delusional disorders caused most severe impairments of functions in daily and social activities,followed by disabilities attributable to dementia,non-dementia organic mental disorder and epilepsy disability.Dementia caused the most severe grade of disability,accounted for 44.89％ of all the cases.The data also showed that the disabilities attributable to mood disorder and neurotic,stress-related and somatoform disorder showed more impairments among mental disabilities.Conclusion Prevalence of mental disability in the second sample survey was higher than that of the first survey.Schizophrenia accounted for most of the mental disabilities but dementia caused the severest disability among all the cases with mental problems.As two of main causes of mental disabilities,neurosis and anxiety disorders should also be paid attention to.