CAJ | 학술논문

目的描述我国8省小学生体重指数分布特征,分析该人群超重和肥胖检出率,及其在性别、城乡和不同经济类型地区间的差异.方法利用中国疾病预防控制中心青年基金“我国学龄儿童主要慢性病干预模式及适宜技术研究”数据.采用分层随机整群抽样方法,将内蒙古、江苏等8省的所有县(市、区)按经济水平分为3层,每层随机抽取一个县,每县随机抽取一所城市和一所农村小学,小学的每个年级随机抽取2～3个班的所有学生作为调查对象.测量儿童身高和体重等指标.采用中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)公布的“中国学龄儿童、青少年体重指数超重、肥胖筛查分类标准”判断超重和肥胖.结果研究对象共计26558名(男童14225人,女童12333人),平均年龄为(9.3±1.8)岁.6～12岁男童体重指数均值为17.0 kg/m2,女童为16.4 kg/m2(t=19.60,P＜0.01).各年龄组男童和除12岁组以外女童的体重指数均值在城乡间和不同经济类型地区间均可见统计学差异(P＜0.05).与WGOC的超重和肥胖筛查标准相比较,本研究中7～11岁城市男童各年龄段体重指数的第85百分位数和第95百分位数值均高于超重和肥胖筛查值,12岁组与筛查值接近.7～12岁农村女童第85百分位数和第95百分位数值略低于筛查值.7～12岁儿童的超重率和肥胖率分别为9.3％和6.5％,其中男童和女童的超重率分别为10.9％和7.6％(x2=88.89,P＜0.01),肥胖率分别为8.0％和4.7％(x2=107.17,P＜0.01),性别可见统计学差异.城市和农村儿童的超重率分别为11.3％和7.4％(x2=131.94,P＜0.01),肥胖率分别为8.7％和4.3％(x2=188.99,P＜0.01),城乡间可见统计学差异.经济发达、中等和欠发达地区儿童的超重率分别为10.3％、8.6％和9.0％(x2=10.76,P＜0.01),肥胖率分别为8.2％、5.6％和5.6％(x2 =51.71,P＜0.01),不同经济类型地区间可见统计学差异.结论近年来,我国儿童超重率和肥胖率正在逐年增高,城市儿童超重率和肥胖率明显高于农村,经济发达地区儿童超重率和肥胖率明显高于中等和欠发达地区.应采取措施开展儿童人群干预,有效控制超重和肥胖增长. 目的描述我國8省小學生體重指數分佈特徵,分析該人群超重和肥胖檢齣率,及其在性彆、城鄉和不同經濟類型地區間的差異.方法利用中國疾病預防控製中心青年基金“我國學齡兒童主要慢性病榦預模式及適宜技術研究”數據.採用分層隨機整群抽樣方法,將內矇古、江囌等8省的所有縣(市、區)按經濟水平分為3層,每層隨機抽取一箇縣,每縣隨機抽取一所城市和一所農村小學,小學的每箇年級隨機抽取2～3箇班的所有學生作為調查對象.測量兒童身高和體重等指標.採用中國肥胖問題工作組(WGOC)公佈的“中國學齡兒童、青少年體重指數超重、肥胖篩查分類標準”判斷超重和肥胖.結果研究對象共計26558名(男童14225人,女童12333人),平均年齡為(9.3±1.8)歲.6～12歲男童體重指數均值為17.0 kg/m2,女童為16.4 kg/m2(t=19.60,P＜0.01).各年齡組男童和除12歲組以外女童的體重指數均值在城鄉間和不同經濟類型地區間均可見統計學差異(P＜0.05).與WGOC的超重和肥胖篩查標準相比較,本研究中7～11歲城市男童各年齡段體重指數的第85百分位數和第95百分位數值均高于超重和肥胖篩查值,12歲組與篩查值接近.7～12歲農村女童第85百分位數和第95百分位數值略低于篩查值.7～12歲兒童的超重率和肥胖率分彆為9.3％和6.5％,其中男童和女童的超重率分彆為10.9％和7.6％(x2=88.89,P＜0.01),肥胖率分彆為8.0％和4.7％(x2=107.17,P＜0.01),性彆可見統計學差異.城市和農村兒童的超重率分彆為11.3％和7.4％(x2=131.94,P＜0.01),肥胖率分彆為8.7％和4.3％(x2=188.99,P＜0.01),城鄉間可見統計學差異.經濟髮達、中等和欠髮達地區兒童的超重率分彆為10.3％、8.6％和9.0％(x2=10.76,P＜0.01),肥胖率分彆為8.2％、5.6％和5.6％(x2 =51.71,P＜0.01),不同經濟類型地區間可見統計學差異.結論近年來,我國兒童超重率和肥胖率正在逐年增高,城市兒童超重率和肥胖率明顯高于農村,經濟髮達地區兒童超重率和肥胖率明顯高于中等和欠髮達地區.應採取措施開展兒童人群榦預,有效控製超重和肥胖增長.
목적 묘술아국8성소학생체중지수분포특정,분석해인군초중화비반검출솔,급기재성별、성향화불동경제류형지구간적차이.방법 이용중국질병예방공제중심청년기금“아국학령인동주요만성병간예모식급괄의기술연구”수거.채용분층수궤정군추양방법,장내몽고、강소등8성적소유현(시、구)안경제수평분위3층,매층수궤추취일개현,매현수궤추취일소성시화일소농촌소학,소학적매개년급수궤추취2～3개반적소유학생작위조사대상.측량인동신고화체중등지표.채용중국비반문제공작조(WGOC)공포적“중국학령인동、청소년체중지수초중、비반사사분류표준”판단초중화비반.결과 연구대상공계26558명(남동14225인,녀동12333인),평균년령위(9.3±1.8)세.6～12세남동체중지수균치위17.0 kg/m2,녀동위16.4 kg/m2(t=19.60,P＜0.01).각년령조남동화제12세조이외녀동적체중지수균치재성향간화불동경제류형지구간균가견통계학차이(P＜0.05).여WGOC적초중화비반사사표준상비교,본연구중7～11세성시남동각년령단체중지수적제85백분위수화제95백분위수치균고우초중화비반사사치,12세조여사사치접근.7～12세농촌녀동제85백분위수화제95백분위수치략저우사사치.7～12세인동적초중솔화비반솔분별위9.3％화6.5％,기중남동화녀동적초중솔분별위10.9％화7.6％(x2=88.89,P＜0.01),비반솔분별위8.0％화4.7％(x2=107.17,P＜0.01),성별가견통계학차이.성시화농촌인동적초중솔분별위11.3％화7.4％(x2=131.94,P＜0.01),비반솔분별위8.7％화4.3％(x2=188.99,P＜0.01),성향간가견통계학차이.경제발체、중등화흠발체지구인동적초중솔분별위10.3％、8.6％화9.0％(x2=10.76,P＜0.01),비반솔분별위8.2％、5.6％화5.6％(x2 =51.71,P＜0.01),불동경제류형지구간가견통계학차이.결론 근년래,아국인동초중솔화비반솔정재축년증고,성시인동초중솔화비반솔명현고우농촌,경제발체지구인동초중솔화비반솔명현고우중등화흠발체지구.응채취조시개전인동인군간예,유효공제초중화비반증장.
Objective To describe the distribution of body mass index (BMI) and evaluate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among first to sixth graders in 8 Chinese provinces.Methods Data came from the baseline survey of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded project "Study on Intervention Models for Main Chronic Diseases among children in China".A stratified random cluster sampling strategy was used to select study participants in 8 provinces,including Inner Mongolia,Jiangsu,Anhui,Shandong,Hunan,Guangxi,Gansu provinces,and Chongqing,with diverse geographical and economic level distributions in China.Counties in each province were stratified into three strata according to economic level,and one county was selected systematically from each stratum.In each county,one urban and one rural elementary school were randomly selected ; and in each school,2-3 classes were randomly selected from each of 1-6 grades.All students in these selected classes were invited for participation.Physical examination was performed by trained local CDC staff using standardized instruments to measure height and weight.Overweight and obesity were diagnosed based on the BMI classification standards for Chinese children and adolescents by Working Group for Obesity in China (WGOC).Results A total of 26558(14225 boy,12333 girl) students aged 6-12 years eventually participated in 8 provinces.The average age was 9.3 ±1.8 years old.Mean BMI among boys (17.0 kg/m2) was higher than that among girls (16.4 kg/m2,t =19.60,P＜0.01).There were statistically significant differences in mean BMI of each age group of boys and 6-11 age groups of girls between urban and rural regions and among those with three economic levels (P＜0.05).The 85th and 95th percentiles of BMI among boys aged 7-11 years in urban region were higher than BMI reference in the standards from WGOC.Lower percentiles were observed among girls aged 7-12 years in rural region.The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 9.3％ and 6.5％ among schoolchildren aged 7-12 years.The prevalence of overweight among boys (10.9％) was higher than that among girls(7.6％,x2 =88.89,P＜0.01) ; while prevalence of obesity were 8.0％ among boys and4.7％ among girls,respectively (x2 =107.17,P＜0.01).The prevalence of overweight was 11.3％ in urban and 7.4％ in rural children(x2 =131.94,P＜0.01).The prevalence of obesity was 8.7％ in urban and 4.3％ in rural children(x2 =188.99,P＜0.01).The prevalences of overweight were 10.3％,8.6％ and 9.0％ in individuals with high,medium,and low economic levels,respectively(x2 =10.76,P＜0.01) ; while the prevalences of obesity were 8.2％,5.6％,and 5.4％,respectively (x2 =51.71,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity in Chinese school children was high.The prevalence in urban region with high economic level was significantly higher than that in rural region with middle and low economic level.The nutritional and behavioral intervention programs are needed to control the rising trend of obesity in children.