CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)支架植入术后患者对相关知识的需求情况,以指导临床健康教育.方法 2013年9-11月对月坛社区卫生服务中心及复兴医院心内科就诊的已行冠状动脉支架植入术并能配合的冠心病患者进行有关冠心病相关知识需求的问卷调查,自行设计调查问卷,调查采用开放式和启发式提问相结合方式进行.共入选362例患者,男性235例(64.9％),女性127例(35.1％),平均年龄(67±12)岁.结果患者对相关知识点的需求依次为:饮食治疗255例(70.4％),药物不良反应241例(66.6％),运动治疗221例(61.0％),如何预防冠心病181例(50.0％),能否停药176例(48.6％),支架寿命168例(46.4％),术后复查指标162例(44.8％),为何患冠心病156例(43.1％),药物作用134例(37.0％).进一步分析发现,植入支架术后1年内的患者与1年以上的患者相比,对为何患冠心病(x2 =37.4,P＜0.001)、支架寿命(x2=39.9,P＜0.001)、如何预防冠心病(x2=13.4,P=0.001)、术后复查指标(x2=21.2,P=0.001)的需求高,对能否停药(x2 =9.56,P=0.008)、饮食治疗(x2=6.49,P=0.04)的需求较低;70岁以下患者对为何患冠心病(x2 =31.6,P＜0.001)、如何预防冠心病(x2=9.99,P=0.007)、支架寿命(x2 =79.1,P＜0.001)、药物不良反应(x2=7.84,P=0.02)知识点的需求高于70岁以上患者;初中以上学历患者对为何患冠心病(x2=26.6,P＜0.001)、如何预防冠心病(x2=14.4,P=0.001)、支架寿命(x2=7.82,P=0.02)知识点需求高于初中及以下学历患者;大专以上学历患者对为何患冠心病(x2=26.6,P＜0.001)、术后复查指标(x2=10.7,P=0.005)知识点需求高于大专以下学历患者.结论冠心病支架植入术后患者对相关知识的需求受多种因素影响,在健康教育中应加以考虑.
목적 조사관상동맥죽양경화성심장병(관심병)지가식입술후환자대상관지식적수구정황,이지도림상건강교육.방법 2013년9-11월대월단사구위생복무중심급복흥의원심내과취진적이행관상동맥지가식입술병능배합적관심병환자진행유관관심병상관지식수구적문권조사,자행설계조사문권,조사채용개방식화계발식제문상결합방식진행.공입선362례환자,남성235례(64.9％),녀성127례(35.1％),평균년령(67±12)세.결과 환자대상관지식점적수구의차위:음식치료255례(70.4％),약물불량반응241례(66.6％),운동치료221례(61.0％),여하예방관심병181례(50.0％),능부정약176례(48.6％),지가수명168례(46.4％),술후복사지표162례(44.8％),위하환관심병156례(43.1％),약물작용134례(37.0％).진일보분석발현,식입지가술후1년내적환자여1년이상적환자상비,대위하환관심병(x2 =37.4,P＜0.001)、지가수명(x2=39.9,P＜0.001)、여하예방관심병(x2=13.4,P=0.001)、술후복사지표(x2=21.2,P=0.001)적수구고,대능부정약(x2 =9.56,P=0.008)、음식치료(x2=6.49,P=0.04)적수구교저;70세이하환자대위하환관심병(x2 =31.6,P＜0.001)、여하예방관심병(x2=9.99,P=0.007)、지가수명(x2 =79.1,P＜0.001)、약물불량반응(x2=7.84,P=0.02)지식점적수구고우70세이상환자;초중이상학력환자대위하환관심병(x2=26.6,P＜0.001)、여하예방관심병(x2=14.4,P=0.001)、지가수명(x2=7.82,P=0.02)지식점수구고우초중급이하학력환자;대전이상학력환자대위하환관심병(x2=26.6,P＜0.001)、술후복사지표(x2=10.7,P=0.005)지식점수구고우대전이하학력환자.결론 관심병지가식입술후환자대상관지식적수구수다충인소영향,재건강교육중응가이고필.
Objective To survey the knowledge requested by patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after stent implantation.Methods A survey on CAD and stent-related knowledge requested by CAD patients with stent implantation was conducted with a self-designed questionnaire from September 2013 to November 2013.Total 362 patients (235 males and 127 females) aged (67 ± 12) years participated in the survey in Yuetan Community Health Service Center and Fuxing Hospital in Beijing.Open questions and heuristic questions were used together during the survey.Results The knowledge requested by patients were:diet management(255,70.4％),side effects of medication(241,66.6％),management of physical activity (221,61.0％),prevention of CAD(181,50.0％),withdrawal of medication(176,48.6％),the life of stents (168,46.4％),post-operation check-up items (162,44.8％),the causes of CAD (156,43.1％)and drug mechanisms(134,37.0％).Patients with stent implantation less than one year requested more knowledge about the cause of CAD (x2 =37.4,P ＜ 0.001),life-time of stent (x2 =39.9,P ＜0.001),prevention of CAD (x2 =13.4,P =0.001),post-operation check-up items (x2 =21.2,P =0.001) and requested less knowledge about withdrawal of medication (x2 =9.56,P =0.008),diet management (x2 =6.49,P =0.04) than those with more than one year.Patients aged ＜ 70 years requested more knowledge about the cause of CAD (x2 =31.6,P ＜ 0.001),prevention of CAD (x2 =9.99,P =0.007),life-time of stent (x2 =79.1,P ＜ 0.001),side effects of medication (x2 =7.84,P =0.02) than patients aged ＞ 70 years.Patients with education higher than junior high school requested more knowledge about the cause of CAD (x2 =26.6,P ＜ 0.001),prevention of CAD (x2 =14.4,P =0.001) and life-time of stents (x2 =7.82,P =0.02) than those with education lower than junior high school.Patients with education higher than junior college requested more knowledge about the cause of CAD (x2 =26.6,P ＜ 0.001) and post-operation check-up items (x2 =10.7,P =0.005) than those with education lower than junior college.Conclusion Some factors affect the knowledge requested by patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after stent implantation,which should be considered in health education for CAD patients.