中华眼科杂志
中華眼科雜誌
중화안과잡지
Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology
2013年
3期
230-234
,共5页
邱伟强%刘子源%汲婧%曾琳%李学民%王薇
邱偉彊%劉子源%伋婧%曾琳%李學民%王薇
구위강%류자원%급청%증림%리학민%왕미
干眼综合征%认知%问卷调查%抽样研究%门诊病人
榦眼綜閤徵%認知%問捲調查%抽樣研究%門診病人
간안종합정%인지%문권조사%추양연구%문진병인
Dry eye syndromes%Cognition%Questionnaires%Sampling studies%Outpatients
目的 调查普通眼科门诊患者的于眼认知度.方法 横断面研究方法.采用系统抽样调查方法对2010年6月至2011年6月于北京大学第三医院眼科普通门诊就诊的804例患者进行问卷调查,内容包括一般人口学特征,医疗行业相关工作背景,与干眼相关的其他疾病史、用药史和眼部不适症状及角膜接触镜配戴史和眼部手术史等.所有数据用X2检验和非条件logistic回归分析处理.结果 普通眼科门诊患者的干眼认知度为26.9％(216/804).其中40～＜60岁受访者的干眼认知度(41.7％,73/175)高于其他年龄段受访者(X2=27.365,P=0.000);女性的干眼认知度(33.8％,151/447)高于男性(18.2％,65/357)(X2=24.500,P=0.000)；具有医疗相关部门工作经历及亲友是眼科医师的受访者的干眼认知度分别为71.4％(30/42)及54.7％(52/95),高于无相关经历或亲友的受访者(X2 =31.582、36.400,P值均＜0.01)；患有类风湿性关节炎和糖尿病的受访者的干眼认知度分别为7/10和63.0％(17/27),高于无此类疾病的受访者(X2=32.301、29.887,P值均＜0.01)；使用人工泪液、口服避孕药、利尿药、镇静药和抗抑郁药的受访者的干眼认知度分别为77.5％(31/40)、9/14、10/18、70.4％(19/27)和4/4,高于未服用以上药物的受访者(X2=54.928、10.154、7.713、26.912、10.943,P值均＜0.01).除频繁眨眼(29.5％)外,有其他眼部不适症状受访者干眼认知度(均＞33.0％)高于无眼部不适症状的受访者(X2 =7.831 ～32.522,P值均＜0.01).眼部对各种外界刺激敏感的受访者的干眼认知度(均＞30.0％)高于不敏感的受访者(X2=5.033～24.564,P值均＜0.01).有眼部手术史、配戴角膜接触镜、被确诊为干眼、定期进行眼科检查的受访者的干眼认知度分别为47.2％(34/72)、33.2％(94/283)、100.0％(45/45)、31.0％(96/310),高于无这些经历的受访者(X2 =4.321 ～129.763,P值均＜0.01).曾就诊于二级甲等以上医院眼科受访者的干眼认知度为28.7％(200/696),高于就诊于社区医院的受访者的14.8％(16/108)(X2=9.324,P=0.002).非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、具有医疗相关部门工作经历、亲友是眼科医师、使用人工泪液、口服避孕药或镇静药等药物、眼红、眼部紧张感、对烟雾、风等刺激感到不适、眼部手术史和配戴角膜接触镜等因素是影响干眼认知度的较强因素(OR＞1.000,P＜0.10).结论 普通眼科门诊患者干眼的认知度低,对公众需加强干眼知识的宣教和普及.
目的 調查普通眼科門診患者的于眼認知度.方法 橫斷麵研究方法.採用繫統抽樣調查方法對2010年6月至2011年6月于北京大學第三醫院眼科普通門診就診的804例患者進行問捲調查,內容包括一般人口學特徵,醫療行業相關工作揹景,與榦眼相關的其他疾病史、用藥史和眼部不適癥狀及角膜接觸鏡配戴史和眼部手術史等.所有數據用X2檢驗和非條件logistic迴歸分析處理.結果 普通眼科門診患者的榦眼認知度為26.9％(216/804).其中40～＜60歲受訪者的榦眼認知度(41.7％,73/175)高于其他年齡段受訪者(X2=27.365,P=0.000);女性的榦眼認知度(33.8％,151/447)高于男性(18.2％,65/357)(X2=24.500,P=0.000)；具有醫療相關部門工作經歷及親友是眼科醫師的受訪者的榦眼認知度分彆為71.4％(30/42)及54.7％(52/95),高于無相關經歷或親友的受訪者(X2 =31.582、36.400,P值均＜0.01)；患有類風濕性關節炎和糖尿病的受訪者的榦眼認知度分彆為7/10和63.0％(17/27),高于無此類疾病的受訪者(X2=32.301、29.887,P值均＜0.01)；使用人工淚液、口服避孕藥、利尿藥、鎮靜藥和抗抑鬱藥的受訪者的榦眼認知度分彆為77.5％(31/40)、9/14、10/18、70.4％(19/27)和4/4,高于未服用以上藥物的受訪者(X2=54.928、10.154、7.713、26.912、10.943,P值均＜0.01).除頻繁眨眼(29.5％)外,有其他眼部不適癥狀受訪者榦眼認知度(均＞33.0％)高于無眼部不適癥狀的受訪者(X2 =7.831 ～32.522,P值均＜0.01).眼部對各種外界刺激敏感的受訪者的榦眼認知度(均＞30.0％)高于不敏感的受訪者(X2=5.033～24.564,P值均＜0.01).有眼部手術史、配戴角膜接觸鏡、被確診為榦眼、定期進行眼科檢查的受訪者的榦眼認知度分彆為47.2％(34/72)、33.2％(94/283)、100.0％(45/45)、31.0％(96/310),高于無這些經歷的受訪者(X2 =4.321 ～129.763,P值均＜0.01).曾就診于二級甲等以上醫院眼科受訪者的榦眼認知度為28.7％(200/696),高于就診于社區醫院的受訪者的14.8％(16/108)(X2=9.324,P=0.002).非條件logistic迴歸分析結果顯示,性彆、具有醫療相關部門工作經歷、親友是眼科醫師、使用人工淚液、口服避孕藥或鎮靜藥等藥物、眼紅、眼部緊張感、對煙霧、風等刺激感到不適、眼部手術史和配戴角膜接觸鏡等因素是影響榦眼認知度的較彊因素(OR＞1.000,P＜0.10).結論 普通眼科門診患者榦眼的認知度低,對公衆需加彊榦眼知識的宣教和普及.
목적 조사보통안과문진환자적우안인지도.방법 횡단면연구방법.채용계통추양조사방법대2010년6월지2011년6월우북경대학제삼의원안과보통문진취진적804례환자진행문권조사,내용포괄일반인구학특정,의료행업상관공작배경,여간안상관적기타질병사、용약사화안부불괄증상급각막접촉경배대사화안부수술사등.소유수거용X2검험화비조건logistic회귀분석처리.결과 보통안과문진환자적간안인지도위26.9％(216/804).기중40～＜60세수방자적간안인지도(41.7％,73/175)고우기타년령단수방자(X2=27.365,P=0.000);녀성적간안인지도(33.8％,151/447)고우남성(18.2％,65/357)(X2=24.500,P=0.000)；구유의료상관부문공작경력급친우시안과의사적수방자적간안인지도분별위71.4％(30/42)급54.7％(52/95),고우무상관경력혹친우적수방자(X2 =31.582、36.400,P치균＜0.01)；환유류풍습성관절염화당뇨병적수방자적간안인지도분별위7/10화63.0％(17/27),고우무차류질병적수방자(X2=32.301、29.887,P치균＜0.01)；사용인공루액、구복피잉약、이뇨약、진정약화항억욱약적수방자적간안인지도분별위77.5％(31/40)、9/14、10/18、70.4％(19/27)화4/4,고우미복용이상약물적수방자(X2=54.928、10.154、7.713、26.912、10.943,P치균＜0.01).제빈번잡안(29.5％)외,유기타안부불괄증상수방자간안인지도(균＞33.0％)고우무안부불괄증상적수방자(X2 =7.831 ～32.522,P치균＜0.01).안부대각충외계자격민감적수방자적간안인지도(균＞30.0％)고우불민감적수방자(X2=5.033～24.564,P치균＜0.01).유안부수술사、배대각막접촉경、피학진위간안、정기진행안과검사적수방자적간안인지도분별위47.2％(34/72)、33.2％(94/283)、100.0％(45/45)、31.0％(96/310),고우무저사경력적수방자(X2 =4.321 ～129.763,P치균＜0.01).증취진우이급갑등이상의원안과수방자적간안인지도위28.7％(200/696),고우취진우사구의원적수방자적14.8％(16/108)(X2=9.324,P=0.002).비조건logistic회귀분석결과현시,성별、구유의료상관부문공작경력、친우시안과의사、사용인공루액、구복피잉약혹진정약등약물、안홍、안부긴장감、대연무、풍등자격감도불괄、안부수술사화배대각막접촉경등인소시영향간안인지도적교강인소(OR＞1.000,P＜0.10).결론 보통안과문진환자간안적인지도저,대공음수가강간안지식적선교화보급.
Objective To determine the dry eye awareness in the populations visiting general eye clinic.Methods This was a cross-sectional study.A questionnaire about dry eye was designed and administrated to Peking University Third Hospital General Eye Clinic patients (n =804) from June 2010 to June 2011.The questionnaire contents included general demographic characteristics,experience of healthrelated work,past medical history,medication history and ocular surface symptoms associated with dry eye,contact lens wearing,ocular operation history,etc.Chi-square and Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influence of demographic and clinical features on awareness of dry eye.Results Awareness of "dry eye" in the general eye clinical patients was relatively low (26.9％,216/804).Participants whose age were between 40 and 60 years had better dry eye awareness (41.7％,73/175) (X2 =27.365,P =0.000).Dry eye awareness of female was better than that of male [female:33.8 ％ (151/447),male:18.2％ (65/357),X2 =24.500,P =0.000].Those who had been in health-related work (71.4％,30/42),and whose friends or relatives were ophthalmologists (54.7％,52/95) had better dry eye awareness (x2 =31.582,36.400 ;both P ＜ 0.01).Participants with a history of rheumatoid arthritis (7/10) or diabetes mellitus (63.0％,17/27) had better dry eye awareness (X2 =32.301,29.887 ; both P ＜ 0.01).Those who had been using artificial tears (77.5％,31/40),oral contraceptives (9/14),diuretics (10/18),sedatives (70.4％,19/27) and anti-depression drugs (4/4) had better dry eye awareness (X2 =54.928,10.154,7.713,26.912,10.943 ; all P ＜ O.01).Except frequently blinking (29.5 ％),participants who had ocular irrigating symptoms (all ＞ 33.0％) had better awareness than those who had not(X2 =7.831-32.522,all P ＜0.01).Those who were allergic to environment irritating factors (all ＞ 30.0％) had better awareness (x2 =5.033-24.564,all P ＜ 0.O1).Participants who had medical history of ocular surgery (47.2％,34/72),experience of wearing contact lens(33.2％,94/283),who were diagnosed as dry eye (100.0％,45/45) and who had regular ocular examinations (31.0％,96/310) had better awareness (X2 =4.321-129.763,all P ＜0.01).Those who had visited general practitioners(14.8％,16/108) had lower awareness than those who went to hospital of higher level(28.7％,200/696) (X2 =9.324,P =0.002).The result of binary logistic regression analysis showed that gender,health-related working experience,relatives or friends working as Ophthalmologists,using artificial tears,oral contraceptives and sedatives,ocular irritations or environment sensitivity,eye surgeries and wearing contact lens were factors that affected dry eye awareness (OR ＞ 1.000,P ＜ 0.10).Conclusions Dry eye awareness in the population who visit general eye clinic is low.The knowledge of dry eye should be added to the patient education and public popularization.
