CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查黑龙江省双城市50岁及以上人群盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率及致病原因.方法以人群为基础的横断面调查.2006年9至12月对黑龙江省双城市50岁及以上人群进行视力和眼部检查.采用整群随机抽样方法抽取28个调查点,共检录5 481人.正式现场调查之前先进行预试验,并进行保证调查质量的重复性检验.根据村户口本逐户检录调查对象.按年龄、性别和受教育程度分别计算受检者盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率,并判断受检者盲和中、重度视力损伤的原因.采用x2检验、趋势x2检验进行各数据间的比较.结果在检录的5 481人中,5 047人接受并完成了检查,受检率为92.08％.以世界卫生组织1973年视力损伤分类为标准,以BCVA计算,50岁及以上受检者中盲87人,患病率为1.72％,中、重度视力损伤237人,患病率为4.69％;以日常生活视力计算,盲96人,患病率为1.90％,中、重度视力损伤365人,患病率为7.23％.以BCVA计算,高龄(趋势x2=674.44,P＜ 0.01)、女性(x2=39.61,P＜0.01)和文盲(趋势x2=142.82,P＜0.01)人群中盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率增高.其中52.70％的盲和中、重度视力损伤原因为白内障.包括AMD、高度近视黄斑变性和糖尿病视网膜病变在内的视网膜疾病占盲和中、重度视力损伤眼致病原因的11.31％.未矫正的屈光不正也是导致视力损伤的重要原因,占盲和中、重度视力损伤眼致病原因的13.38％.结论黑龙江省双城市50岁及以上人群盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率在我国九省眼病调查结果中处于较高水平.白内障、视网膜病变和未矫正的屈光不正是导致其盲和中、重度视力损伤的重要原因.
목적 조사흑룡강성쌍성시50세급이상인군맹화중、중도시력손상적환병솔급치병원인.방법 이인군위기출적횡단면조사.2006년9지12월대흑룡강성쌍성시50세급이상인군진행시력화안부검사.채용정군수궤추양방법추취28개조사점,공검록5 481인.정식현장조사지전선진행예시험,병진행보증조사질량적중복성검험.근거촌호구본축호검록조사대상.안년령、성별화수교육정도분별계산수검자맹화중、중도시력손상적환병솔,병판단수검자맹화중、중도시력손상적원인.채용x2검험、추세x2검험진행각수거간적비교.결과 재검록적5 481인중,5 047인접수병완성료검사,수검솔위92.08％.이세계위생조직1973년시력손상분류위표준,이BCVA계산,50세급이상수검자중맹87인,환병솔위1.72％,중、중도시력손상237인,환병솔위4.69％;이일상생활시력계산,맹96인,환병솔위1.90％,중、중도시력손상365인,환병솔위7.23％.이BCVA계산,고령(추세x2=674.44,P＜ 0.01)、녀성(x2=39.61,P＜0.01)화문맹(추세x2=142.82,P＜0.01)인군중맹화중、중도시력손상적환병솔증고.기중52.70％적맹화중、중도시력손상원인위백내장.포괄AMD、고도근시황반변성화당뇨병시망막병변재내적시망막질병점맹화중、중도시력손상안치병원인적11.31％.미교정적굴광불정야시도치시력손상적중요원인,점맹화중、중도시력손상안치병원인적13.38％.결론 흑룡강성쌍성시50세급이상인군맹화중、중도시력손상적환병솔재아국구성안병조사결과중처우교고수평.백내장、시망막병변화미교정적굴광불정시도치기맹화중、중도시력손상적중요원인.
Objective To investigate the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment among adults aged 50 years or above in Shuangcheng City of Heilongjiang Provicne,China.Methods It was a population-based cross-section study.Geographically defined cluster sampling was used in randomly selecting 5 841 individuals aged 50 years or above in 28 basic smaple units in Shuangcheng City from September to December 2006.The survey was preceded by a pilot study where operational methods were refined and quality assurance evaluation was carried out.All participants were enumerated through village registers followed door-to-door visits.Eligible individuals were invited to receive visual acuity measurement and eye examination.Statistical analyses were performed using Stata/SE Statistical Software,release 9.0.Chi-square test was used to investigate the association of age,gender and education with presenting and best corrected visual acuity.Results Five thousands four hundreds and eighty-one individuals were enumerated and 5 047 persons were examined,the response rate was 92.08％.Based on the criteria of World Health Organization visual impairment classification in 1973,the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment defined as best corrected visual acuity was 1.72％ (87/5 047)and 4.69％ (237/5 047) respectively.The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment defined as presenting visual acuity was 1.90％ (96/5 047) and 7.23％ (365/5 047) respectively.The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment was higher in aged (trend x2 =674.44,P ＜ 0.01),female (x2 =39.61,P ＜ 0.01) and illiterate (trend x2 =142.82,P ＜ 0.01) persons.Cataract (52.70％) was still the first leading cause of blindness and visual impairment.The percentage of the retinal diseases,including age-related macular degeration,high myopic retinopathy and diabetic retinopathy was 11.31％ among the eyes with blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment.Un-corrected refractive error (13.38％) also was the main cause of visual impairment.Conclusions The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment in Shuangcheng City is relatively higher in China Nine Province Survey.Cataract,retinal diseases and uncorrected refractive error are the main causes of the blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment.