CAJ | 학술논문

脏腑是中医理论体系的核心概念之一.以历史语境分析,明末清初以前,中国人所讲的五脏六腑,应当是解剖学意义的脏器.明末清初以后,西方医学开始传入中国,中西医学的碰撞累积到20世纪初,触发了影响深远的中西医大论争.在这种特定背景下,恽铁樵明确提出中医脏腑不是解剖学的脏腑,而是以“四时”气化为特征的理论模型,成为以功能单位阐释中医五脏六腑实质的开端,推动了近代中医理论体系的演变.准确把握人们对中医脏腑概念的认识历史及西方学说传入后人们的认识演变历程,将有助于明确中医脏腑现代研究的意涵和发展方向.
장부시중의이론체계적핵심개념지일.이역사어경분석,명말청초이전,중국인소강적오장륙부,응당시해부학의의적장기.명말청초이후,서방의학개시전입중국,중서의학적팽당루적도20세기초,촉발료영향심원적중서의대논쟁.재저충특정배경하,운철초명학제출중의장부불시해부학적장부,이시이“사시”기화위특정적이론모형,성위이공능단위천석중의오장륙부실질적개단,추동료근대중의이론체계적연변.준학파악인문대중의장부개념적인식역사급서방학설전입후인문적인식연변역정,장유조우명학중의장부현대연구적의함화발전방향.
Viscera-bowels theory is one of the key parts of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).The concept of viscera-bowels in TCM at the turn of the Ming-Qing Dynasties must have anatomical significance in western medical context.By then,western medicine began its dissemination into China with the conflict between it and TCM,which gradually increased,and eventually triggering the major debate between them in early 20th century.Under this background,Yun Tie-qiao definitely pointed out that TCM viscera-bowels was different from western anatomical visceral organs ; rather,it was a theoretical model characterized by seasonal qi transformation.Thus,it became the beginning of the nature of five viscera-six bowels interpreted by TCM functional unit and pushing the development of modern TCM theoretical system.Hence,the correct handling of history of its evolutionary process from the TCM recognition on viscera-bowels to the western visceral idea is helpful to the orientation and its total implication in TCM viscera-bowels and its research.