CAJ | 학술논문

目的调查青少年颈肩腰背痛的患病率以及其影响因素.方法 2011至2012学年度第二学期,从上海市注册的237所普通全日制高中里随机数字法选30所高中,按每所学校120名学生分高一、高二、高三年级按学号选取,共3 600名;问卷内容包括人口统计学信息、学习环境、运动习惯、上/放学负重等状况,以及颈肩腰背痛患病情况.使用Logistic回归来分析颈肩腰背痛的可能危险因素.结果 3 600份问卷总计回收有效问卷2 842份,其中男1 364份,女1 478份.调查显示,本组颈肩痛和腰背痛的患病率分别为41.1％和32.8％,女生均高于男生,6.3％的学生因此请过假.青少年普遍感到学习负担重(32.7％的学生不能完成每天的学习目标)、精神压力大(16.3％的学生患有失眠),而睡眠不足的问题则更为突出(52.0％的学生午夜零时以后入睡,64.3％的学生感到睡眠不足,31.9％的学生醒来后感到身体轻松).多因素Logistic回归分析认为性别、年级、学习负担、精神压力和睡眠情况与青少年的颈肩腰背痛有显著的相关性.结论精神压力大、睡眠不足及不良的生活习惯、身体各部位的慢性疼痛以及家庭背景等因素,可能对该地区青少年较高的颈肩腰背痛的患病率有促发作用.
목적 조사청소년경견요배통적환병솔이급기영향인소.방법 2011지2012학년도제이학기,종상해시주책적237소보통전일제고중리수궤수자법선30소고중,안매소학교120명학생분고일、고이、고삼년급안학호선취,공3 600명;문권내용포괄인구통계학신식、학습배경、운동습관、상/방학부중등상황,이급경견요배통환병정황.사용Logistic회귀래분석경견요배통적가능위험인소.결과 3 600빈문권총계회수유효문권2 842빈,기중남1 364빈,녀1 478빈.조사현시,본조경견통화요배통적환병솔분별위41.1％화32.8％,녀생균고우남생,6.3％적학생인차청과가.청소년보편감도학습부담중(32.7％적학생불능완성매천적학습목표)、정신압력대(16.3％적학생환유실면),이수면불족적문제칙경위돌출(52.0％적학생오야령시이후입수,64.3％적학생감도수면불족,31.9％적학생성래후감도신체경송).다인소Logistic회귀분석인위성별、년급、학습부담、정신압력화수면정황여청소년적경견요배통유현저적상관성.결론 정신압력대、수면불족급불량적생활습관、신체각부위적만성동통이급가정배경등인소,가능대해지구청소년교고적경견요배통적환병솔유촉발작용.
Objective To explore the incidence of self-reported neck/shoulder pain (NSP) and lower back pain (LBP) among Chinese adolescents in Shanghai and identify the influencing factors for the incidences of these musculoskeletal disorders.Methods A total of 3 600 students were selected from 30 high schools randomly chosen from 237 regular full-time high schools registered in Shanghai.From each school,40 students were selected from each of the tenth,eleventh and twelfth grades for a total of 120 students per school.The questionnaire involved questions pertaining to demographic information,learning environment and exercise habits of each student.The questionnaire also contained questions regarding the amount of weight carried by each student while commuting to and from school.And it was also used to collect specific information related with the occurrence of NSP and LBP.Logistic regression was performed to analyze the potential risk factors for NSP and LBP.Results Among 3 600 distributed questionnaires,a total of 2 842 valid questionnaires were returned.The results revealed that the incidences of NSP and LBP in the Chinese adolescent population were 41.1％ and 32.8％,respectively.Both NSP and LBP were more common in girls than in boys.And 6.3％ students reported at least one NSP-or LBP-induced absence from school.Chinese adolescents generally experienced a heavy academic burden (32.7％ failing to achieve daily academic goals) and mental stress (16.3％ suffering from insomnia) ; the problem of insufficient sleep was even more pronounced (52.0％ falling asleep after midnight and 64.3％ suffering insufficient sleep while only 31.9％ feeling physically relaxed after awaking).The multivariate Logistic regression analysis suggested that gender,grade,academic burden,stress and sleep situation had a significant correlation with NSP and LBP in adolescents.Conclusion The incidences of NSP and LBP are relatively high among adolescents in Shanghai.And several factors,including sedentary behaviors,personal exercise habits and backpack weight,influences the occurrences of NSP and LBP in youth.