CAJ | 학술논문

中国马铃薯品种数量繁多,品质指标差异性大,这些指标很大程度上决定了油炸薯片制品的品质,为研究不同马铃薯品种加工油炸薯片的适宜性,试验以国内外广泛种植的74个品种的马铃薯为原材料,分别测定原料的8个加工指标(水分、淀粉、还原糖、总糖、灰分、可溶性固形物、维生素C、蛋白质)及油炸薯片的4个品质指标(蛋白质、感官得分、脆性、白度),随机选取56个样品为校正集,其余18个样品为验证集,应用相关性分析、主成分分析、逐步回归分析方法建立薯片综合评价指标与马铃薯原料加工指标X1~X8之间的回归模型,模型决定系数R2=0.607,调整后R2=0.585,F=26.815,sig.=0.000,拟合度较高,回归模型显著.同时利用验证集样品对回归模型进行验证,结论表明薯片综合评价指标预测值与真值相关系数为0.502,显著性为0.034,相关关系显著,该模型可用于实际油炸薯片综合品质评价.通过K-means聚类法对74个马铃薯品种加工适宜性进行初步划分,筛选出适宜加工薯片的品种15个,评价结果与实际应用现状相符.所建模型可应用于实际马铃薯油炸薯片加工适宜性评价,为中国马铃薯产业选择特定薯片加工品种具有一定的指导意义.
중국마령서품충수량번다,품질지표차이성대,저사지표흔대정도상결정료유작서편제품적품질,위연구불동마령서품충가공유작서편적괄의성,시험이국내외엄범충식적74개품충적마령서위원재료,분별측정원료적8개가공지표(수분、정분、환원당、총당、회분、가용성고형물、유생소C、단백질)급유작서편적4개품질지표(단백질、감관득분、취성、백도),수궤선취56개양품위교정집,기여18개양품위험증집,응용상관성분석、주성분분석、축보회귀분석방법건립서편종합평개지표여마령서원료가공지표X1~X8지간적회귀모형,모형결정계수R2=0.607,조정후R2=0.585,F=26.815,sig.=0.000,의합도교고,회귀모형현저.동시이용험증집양품대회귀모형진행험증,결론표명서편종합평개지표예측치여진치상관계수위0.502,현저성위0.034,상관관계현저,해모형가용우실제유작서편종합품질평개.통과K-means취류법대74개마령서품충가공괄의성진행초보화분,사선출괄의가공서편적품충15개,평개결과여실제응용현상상부.소건모형가응용우실제마령서유작서편가공괄의성평개,위중국마령서산업선택특정서편가공품충구유일정적지도의의.
@@@@Influenced by Western diet culture and growth in the standard of living, potato chips are currently fashionable as one kind of essential snack food during people's leisure time. The modern potato chip processing industry requires a forward upgrade and higher demands concerning the quality of utilize materials. The Chinese potato industry possesses a wide variety and adequate supply of potatoes currently. Quality indexes were different among cultivars, and these differences determine the quality of fried potato chips to a large extent. In order to determine the suitability of different cultivars for potato chips processing, 74 widely cultivated potato cultivars were investigated. All samples were grown in the same place with the same fertilization. Potato harvesting, storage, processing and index analysis were conducted in the shortest time. Eight main quality indicators of potatoes (water, starch, reducing sugar, total sugar, ash, total soluble solid, Vitamin C and protein) and four quality indicators of potato chips (protein, sensory evaluation, crispness and whiteness) were measured in the laboratory. 56 samples were removed randomly for the validation set, and the other 18 samples for the calibration set. Comprehensive evaluation indicators of potato chips were calculated by the normalization method and Euclidean distance of four individual indicators. Correlation analysis showed that the comprehensive evaluation indicator was significant in represent four individual indicators of potato chips. A principal component analysis was applied to select four irrelevant principal components (F1-F4) which could cover most information of the potato samples. An stepwise regression method was used to establish the model of comprehensive evaluation indicators and four principal components (F1-F4). Substituted with the original eight main quality indicators of potatoes(X1-X8), the final model was determined. The determination coefficient R2 is 0.607, adjusted R2 is 0.585, F-value is 26.815 greater than F (0.001, 3, 52), and sig. value is less than 0.001. The model effect was relatively good with a high degree of fitting and significant correlation. 18 samples from the validation set were used to validate the effect of the model. The results showed that the correlation coefficient for the true value and prediction value of the comprehensive evaluation indicator is 0.502, sig. value is 0.034 that is less than 0.05, and the model is applicable to the actual suitability evaluation of potato chips processing. The suitability of 74 cultivars for potato chips processing was preliminarily classified into three types based on the K-means clustering method. 15 samples were selected as optimal cultivars for potato chips processing, which was in accord with practical applications. However, the precision of the model needs to be improved in future research. The results of this research can be applied in practice. Comprehensive evaluation indicators of potato chips can be determined without a tedious laboratory analysis, proper potato material can be founded for chips’processing, and the result has guiding significance for the chip processing industry.