CAJ | 학술논문

气井井口温度较低时井筒内易生成水合物,为了避免测试时冻堵井下油管事故的发生,设计了与现场数采设备相配合的实时监测预警系统.以井口附近地面管线监测点实时传输的压力、温度及流量数据为依据,应用井筒多相流理论计算气井沿程压力温度分布,与图解法所形成的天然气水合物p-t图相比较,进而判断是否达到水合物生成条件,并计算可能存在水合物的井段,由此进行报警并采取及时的预防措施.系统中包含了所涉及开井与关井井筒压力温度计算、天然气水合物生成预测、预警预防设置3部分.编制的软件经现场实践可达到实时监测的目的.最后,给出在集成化实时监控下预防气井水合物的对策.
기정정구온도교저시정통내역생성수합물,위료피면측시시동도정하유관사고적발생,설계료여현장수채설비상배합적실시감측예경계통.이정구부근지면관선감측점실시전수적압력、온도급류량수거위의거,응용정통다상류이론계산기정연정압력온도분포,여도해법소형성적천연기수합물p-t도상비교,진이판단시부체도수합물생성조건,병계산가능존재수합물적정단,유차진행보경병채취급시적예방조시.계통중포함료소섭급개정여관정정통압력온도계산、천연기수합물생성예측、예경예방설치3부분.편제적연건경현장실천가체도실시감측적목적.최후,급출재집성화실시감공하예방기정수합물적대책.
@@@@When the wellhead temperature for gas wells is low, freezing accident in wellbore could happen because of hydrate generation. Through designing the monitoring and alarming system, the freezing accident can be avoided. The pressure and temperature distribution?along?wellbore?is?computed?through?multi-phase?flowing?theory,?based?on?the?data?acquired?from?the?wellhead.?Comparing?to the hydrate P-T Graph by the picture interpreting means, the results can judge the situation of the hydrate and show the depth range with the hydrate in gas wells, so that the system can monitor and alarm hydrate. The system contains three main functions:calculating the pressure and temperature in wellbore during production and well shutting;forecasting hydrate generation;design of alarming and prevention. The software made up by these methods can realize the aim to real-time monitor and alarm hydrate. Finally, the software of the system is shown with the suggestion to avoid hydrate during gas well testing and production.