CAJ | 학술논문

骨质量尤其是骨皮质质量的评价方法对骨病的诊断和治疗有重要意义.随着社会快速老龄化,如何非侵入地获得准确实用的骨质量评价指标已成为医学物理领域亟待解决的热点问题.目前有多种骨质量评价方法,其中双能X射线吸收法获得的骨矿密度值是评价骨质量的现行金标准,但这个参数有明显缺陷,如不能反映骨皮质中的有机基质、微结构、孔隙度及灌注等情况,所以不能准确诊断骨质疏松和预测骨折等疾病.由于骨的磁共振信号衰减极快,所以常规磁共振成像技术不能探测到骨的信号.近年来随着理论、方法和设备的不断进步,超短回波磁共振骨成像成为可能.本文简要介绍超短回波磁共振骨成像的基础物理理论,结合作者所在实验室的研究工作对各类定性及定量超短回波磁共振骨皮质成像新方法进行综述,总结各类方法的特点、适用范围及不足,指出进一步研究的方向、重点及步骤,对超短回波磁共振成像在骨质量评估方面的理论研究及工程应用具有指导意义.
골질량우기시골피질질량적평개방법대골병적진단화치료유중요의의.수착사회쾌속노령화,여하비침입지획득준학실용적골질량평개지표이성위의학물리영역극대해결적열점문제.목전유다충골질량평개방법,기중쌍능X사선흡수법획득적골광밀도치시평개골질량적현행금표준,단저개삼수유명현결함,여불능반영골피질중적유궤기질、미결구、공극도급관주등정황,소이불능준학진단골질소송화예측골절등질병.유우골적자공진신호쇠감겁쾌,소이상규자공진성상기술불능탐측도골적신호.근년래수착이론、방법화설비적불단진보,초단회파자공진골성상성위가능.본문간요개소초단회파자공진골성상적기출물리이론,결합작자소재실험실적연구공작대각류정성급정량초단회파자공진골피질성상신방법진행종술,총결각류방법적특점、괄용범위급불족,지출진일보연구적방향、중점급보취,대초단회파자공진성상재골질량평고방면적이론연구급공정응용구유지도의의.
@@@@The evaluation of bone quality, especially cortical bone, is very important for diagnosing and treating the bone diseases. Because of the rapidly aging population of the global society, noninvasively, precisely and feasibly evaluating the bone quality has become a hot topic in the contemporary medical physics studies. Among the several available methods of evaluation, the bone mineral density (BMD) measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is currently considered to be the gold standard in clinical applications. However, the BMD is limited by its incapability of assessing the organic matrix, microstructure, porosity and perfusion of bone. In addition, the BMD can neither provide a definite diagnose of osteoporosis nor predict fractures precisely. Cortical bone shows near zero signal with all conventional clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences, because of the rapid decay of the magnetic resonance signal in the bone. Due to the recently developed theories, methods and hardware, ultrashort time echo (UTE) sequences with nominal TE of less than 100 μs have aroused the increasing research interest. In this paper an introduction to the basic physics of UTE MRI of cortical bone is presented. The newly proposed qualitative and quantitative UTE MRI methods are reviewed with an introduction to the research work in the authors’ laboratory. The features, application scopes and limitations of those methods are also summarized. Finally, the authors point out the directions and steps of further studies. The paper will be helpful for understanding theoretical research and the clinical applications of UTE imaging of cortical bone.