CAJ | 학술논문

选用低产氮低效型、高产氮中效型和高产氮高效型具有代表性的6个粳稻品种,在各自最适氮素水平下,研究了干物质积累与转运特性的差异及其与氮效率的关系.结果表明,较之低产类型品种,高产类型品种物质生产总量提高20.29%,差异达显著水平.其中在够苗前、拔节至抽穗、抽穗至成熟阶段的干物质积累量和群体生长率分别提高15.05%、27.04%、24.75%和15.05%、28.38%、23.00%,够苗至拔节阶段则互有高低.同为高产类型品种,因氮利用率的差异物质积累与转运特性不同.较之高产氮中效型,高产氮高效型品种各生育时期的单位面积茎蘖数均呈下降趋势,其中够苗、拔节、抽穗和成熟期平均分别降低5.76%、11.61%、7.01%和5.70%,差异均达显著水平,而成穗率显著提高.各生育时期的干物质积累量均有所下降,其中,够苗、拔节、抽穗和成熟期分别降低12.18%、10.54%、8.29%和5.01%,收获指数却显著提高.抽穗至成熟阶段的干物质积累率提高5.40%,群体生长率提高5.19%.说明抽穗前适当控制群体生长,抽穗后保持较高的群体生长水平及较高的收获指数是高产氮高效型品种的重要物质生产特性.
선용저산담저효형、고산담중효형화고산담고효형구유대표성적6개갱도품충,재각자최괄담소수평하,연구료간물질적루여전운특성적차이급기여담효솔적관계.결과표명,교지저산류형품충,고산류형품충물질생산총량제고20.29%,차이체현저수평.기중재구묘전、발절지추수、추수지성숙계단적간물질적루량화군체생장솔분별제고15.05%、27.04%、24.75%화15.05%、28.38%、23.00%,구묘지발절계단칙호유고저.동위고산류형품충,인담이용솔적차이물질적루여전운특성불동.교지고산담중효형,고산담고효형품충각생육시기적단위면적경얼수균정하강추세,기중구묘、발절、추수화성숙기평균분별강저5.76%、11.61%、7.01%화5.70%,차이균체현저수평,이성수솔현저제고.각생육시기적간물질적루량균유소하강,기중,구묘、발절、추수화성숙기분별강저12.18%、10.54%、8.29%화5.01%,수획지수각현저제고.추수지성숙계단적간물질적루솔제고5.40%,군체생장솔제고5.19%.설명추수전괄당공제군체생장,추수후보지교고적군체생장수평급교고적수획지수시고산담고효형품충적중요물질생산특성.
The difference of dry matter production and translocation characteristics in low-yielding and low N-efficiency, high-yielding and medium N-efficiency, high-yielding and high N-efficiency rice cultivars was investigated using six representa-tive japonica varieties under their optimum N supply levels, respectively. The results indicated that:with the increase of rice pro-ductivity, the total dry matter production amount significantly increased by 20.29%on average, and the dry matter accumulation amount and population growth rate increased on average by 15.05%, 27.04%, 24.75%and 15.05%, 28.38%, 23.00%, during the period before N?n (critical stage of productive tillering), from jointing to heading, and from heading to maturing, respectively, and decreased during the period from N?n to the jointing. Among the high-yielding varieties, with the nitrogen use efficiency increased, the tiller number per unit area at each growth stage showed a downward trend, and significantly reduced on average by 5.76%, 11.61%, 7.01%, and 5.70% at N?n, jointing, heading and maturing, respectively, but ratio of productive tillers to total tillers significantly increased. At each growth stage, the dry matter accumulation amount showed a declined tendency, and re-duced on average by 12.18%, 10.54%, 8.29%, and 5.01%at N?n, jointing, heading and maturity, respectively, but harvest index