气象科技进展
氣象科技進展
기상과기진전
Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology
2013年
2期
49-54
,共6页
田颖%张书余%罗斌%马守存%周骥
田穎%張書餘%囉斌%馬守存%週驥
전영%장서여%라빈%마수존%주기
热浪%疾病%死亡率%流行病学特征
熱浪%疾病%死亡率%流行病學特徵
열랑%질병%사망솔%류행병학특정
heat wave%disease%mortality%epidemiological characteristic
热浪对人体健康影响显著,随着全球变暖,其发生频率、强度还会继续增加.通过对国内外研究的概述,发现热浪期间发热、中暑、心脑血管疾病、呼吸道疾病、精神病、部分传染病等疾病发病率、热相关死亡率增加,老年人、儿童及一些慢性病患者更易受影响;影响程度与热浪特征、社会因素、行为因素及空气污染有关,并存在“滞后效应”和“收获效应”.另外,简要介绍了主要的热浪研究方法.目前,对热浪研究主要集中于统计学方法,动物实验和人群实验研究比较少,对此,今后应更注重通过实验方法研究热浪对人体各类疾病的影响.
熱浪對人體健康影響顯著,隨著全毬變暖,其髮生頻率、彊度還會繼續增加.通過對國內外研究的概述,髮現熱浪期間髮熱、中暑、心腦血管疾病、呼吸道疾病、精神病、部分傳染病等疾病髮病率、熱相關死亡率增加,老年人、兒童及一些慢性病患者更易受影響;影響程度與熱浪特徵、社會因素、行為因素及空氣汙染有關,併存在“滯後效應”和“收穫效應”.另外,簡要介紹瞭主要的熱浪研究方法.目前,對熱浪研究主要集中于統計學方法,動物實驗和人群實驗研究比較少,對此,今後應更註重通過實驗方法研究熱浪對人體各類疾病的影響.
열랑대인체건강영향현저,수착전구변난,기발생빈솔、강도환회계속증가.통과대국내외연구적개술,발현열랑기간발열、중서、심뇌혈관질병、호흡도질병、정신병、부분전염병등질병발병솔、열상관사망솔증가,노년인、인동급일사만성병환자경역수영향;영향정도여열랑특정、사회인소、행위인소급공기오염유관,병존재“체후효응”화“수획효응”.령외,간요개소료주요적열랑연구방법.목전,대열랑연구주요집중우통계학방법,동물실험화인군실험연구비교소,대차,금후응경주중통과실험방법연구열랑대인체각류질병적영향.
@@@@Heat wave has a significant impact on human health. The on-going climate change is predicted to yield a growing number of heat waves which will be aggravated in both intensity and frequency. In this paper, the increasing incidence of mortality and morbidity of many diseases such as fever, heat stroke, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, mental illness, some infectious diseases and others during heat wave was reviewed, especially the elderly, children and patients with some chronic diseases. This effect was also related with heat wave itself, socioeconomic factors, behavioral factors and air pollution. In addition, there were"lag effects and harvesting". The study methods were also summarized briefly. Most of the study methods focused on statistical methods, but animal experiments and crowd experimental studies were few, so more attention should be paid to influences that heat wave makes on various types of human diseases by experimental methods.