CAJ | 학술논문

克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)购自盱眙某龙虾养殖场,初始体质量为(7.60±0.01) g.以酪蛋白、明胶、小麦面筋粉和晶体氨基酸为蛋白源配制7组蛋白质水平为28.26%、能量为17.15 kJ·g?1的等氮等能半纯和饲料,各组赖氨酸质量分数分别为0.76%、1.00%、1.22%、1.47%、1.69%、1.89%和2.18%.实验虾分为7组,每组设4个重复,每个重复12尾虾,分别投喂以上7种饲料.养殖实验于室外网箱(规格为60 cm ×60 cm×60 cm)中进行,饲养周期为60 d.结果表明,随着饲料中赖氨酸水平的升高,增重率、特定生长率和饲料效率均显著升高(P<0.05),分别在赖氨酸水平1.69%、1.69%和1.22%组时,三者达到最大值;当赖氨酸水平进一步升高,三者均呈下降趋势.各组的成活率为89.58%~97.92%,组间无显著差异(P>0.05).全虾水分含量以赖氨酸水平1.22%组最低,显著低于0.76%组(P<0.05).全虾粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量分别以赖氨酸水平1.89%组和1.69%组最高,均显著高于0.76%组(P<0.05).各组之间的全虾灰分含量、肌肉组成、肌肉氨基酸组成和消化酶活性均无显著差异(P>0.05).以增重率为评价指标进行一元二次回归分析,得出克氏原螯虾的适宜赖氨酸需求量为1.66%,占饲料蛋白的5.87%.本研究旨在通过确定克氏原螯虾对饲料中赖氨酸的适宜需求量,为其人工配合饲料的研制提供基础数据和理论依据.
극씨원오하(Procambarus clarkii)구자우이모룡하양식장,초시체질량위(7.60±0.01) g.이락단백、명효、소맥면근분화정체안기산위단백원배제7조단백질수평위28.26%、능량위17.15 kJ·g?1적등담등능반순화사료,각조뢰안산질량분수분별위0.76%、1.00%、1.22%、1.47%、1.69%、1.89%화2.18%.실험하분위7조,매조설4개중복,매개중복12미하,분별투위이상7충사료.양식실험우실외망상(규격위60 cm ×60 cm×60 cm)중진행,사양주기위60 d.결과표명,수착사료중뢰안산수평적승고,증중솔、특정생장솔화사료효솔균현저승고(P<0.05),분별재뢰안산수평1.69%、1.69%화1.22%조시,삼자체도최대치;당뢰안산수평진일보승고,삼자균정하강추세.각조적성활솔위89.58%~97.92%,조간무현저차이(P>0.05).전하수분함량이뢰안산수평1.22%조최저,현저저우0.76%조(P<0.05).전하조단백화조지방함량분별이뢰안산수평1.89%조화1.69%조최고,균현저고우0.76%조(P<0.05).각조지간적전하회분함량、기육조성、기육안기산조성화소화매활성균무현저차이(P>0.05).이증중솔위평개지표진행일원이차회귀분석,득출극씨원오하적괄의뢰안산수구량위1.66%,점사료단백적5.87%.본연구지재통과학정극씨원오하대사료중뢰안산적괄의수구량,위기인공배합사료적연제제공기출수거화이론의거.
@@@@To determine the optimal dietary lysine requirement of red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, we evaluated the effects of dietary lysine levels on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition, muscle amino acid composition, and digestive enzyme activity of this species. Seven isonitrogenous (28.26% crude pro-tein) and isocaloric (17.15 kJ·g?1 gross energy) diets were formulated with protein sources from the mixture of casein, gelatin, wheat gluten, and crystalline amino acid (AA) mixture. The measured lysine levels of the experi-mental diets were 0.76%, 1.00%, 1.22%, 1.47%, 1.69%, 1.89% and 2.18%. Each diet was fed to four groups of 12 crayfish with an initial body weight of (7.60±0.01) g in floating net cages (60 cm×60 cm×60 cm). The crayfish were fed three times daily for 60 d. The results indicated that weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed efficiency ratios (FER) all increased significantly with increasing dietary lysine levels (P<0.05), and their maximum values were attained at 1.69%, 1.69%, and 1.22%, respectively. However, they all decreased with fur-ther increasing dietary lysine levels. Survival rate ranged from 89.58% to 97.92%, and showed no significant dif-ference among all the dietary treatments (P>0.05). Whole-body moisture content of crayfish fed 1.22% dietary lysine was significantly lower than that of crayfish fed 0.76% dietary lysine (P<0.05), but showed little difference from that of the other treatments (P>0.05). The highest whole-body protein and lipid content was observed in crayfish fed 1.89% and 1.69 dietary lysine, respectively. They were both significantly higher than that of crayfish fed 0.76% lysine (P<0.05), but showed little difference with that of the other treatments (P>0.05). No significant difference was found in whole-body ash content, muscle composition, muscle AA contents, or digestive enzyme activity among all the treatments (P>0.05). The second-order regression analysis of WGR against dietary lysine levels indicated that the optimal dietary lysine requirement of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) was 1.66% of diet (5.87% of dietary protein).