CAJ | 학술논문

山区河道水流阻力研究对于认识山区河道中水流特性、山洪行进过程以及山区河道输沙规律都具有重要的意义.本文从4个方面总结前人关于山区河道水流阻力方面的研究进展,包括:(1)泥沙阻力;(2)河道底坡与水流阻力的关系;(3)典型形体阻力;(4)阻力划分.其中泥沙阻力是肤面阻力的主要来源,这是以往研究中涉及较多的内容;河道底坡属于关注较多的形体阻力;其它形体阻力包括床面沙石突起、漂浮的树木、阶梯—深潭构造等均是山区河道所特有的,研究成果相对较少.阻力划分思想为从整体上得到具有普遍意义的阻力计算式提供了有效途径,但由于山区河道的阻力形成机制和物理来源尚未完全理清,使其应用受到一定的限制.今后还需在深入了解山区河道水流阻力机理的基础上,采用阻力划分方法对阻力系数量化做进一步的研究.
산구하도수류조력연구대우인식산구하도중수류특성、산홍행진과정이급산구하도수사규률도구유중요적의의.본문종4개방면총결전인관우산구하도수류조력방면적연구진전,포괄:(1)니사조력;(2)하도저파여수류조력적관계;(3)전형형체조력;(4)조력화분.기중니사조력시부면조력적주요래원,저시이왕연구중섭급교다적내용;하도저파속우관주교다적형체조력;기타형체조력포괄상면사석돌기、표부적수목、계제—심담구조등균시산구하도소특유적,연구성과상대교소.조력화분사상위종정체상득도구유보편의의적조력계산식제공료유효도경,단유우산구하도적조력형성궤제화물리래원상미완전리청,사기응용수도일정적한제.금후환수재심입료해산구하도수류조력궤리적기출상,채용조력화분방법대조력계수양화주진일보적연구.
Flow resistance in mountain rivers has an important impact on flow and sediment transport,espe?cially on flash torrent propagation. Many researchers have been devoting themselves to this subject and we summarize these works about flow resistance in mountain rivers from the following four aspects:(1) grain resistance;(2) relationship between flow resistance and river-bed slop;(3) form resistance;(4) resis?tance partitioning. In which, grain resistance is dominant component of surface resistance and it was stud?ied sufficiently with abundant results. Bed slope resistance is a focus of the form resistance while other par?ticular parts of the form resistance in mountain rivers, such as resistance of boulders, floating wood and step-pool system,received much less attention. The previous researches mostly focused on part of the flow resistance causing these results lack of universality. Resistance partitioning is an effective approach to solve this problem,but the mechanism and origin of flow resistance in mountain river are still not clear and this constrains application of the approach. So it is necessary to do further research on quantitative evaluation of flow resistance using resistance partitioning method based on more clear mechanism of flow resistance in mountain rivers.