CAJ | 학술논문

为探明烤烟连作对叶片光合特性的影响,以连作1年和连作5年的烤烟为研究对象,研究了连作条件下烤烟生长、叶片叶绿素含量和光合特性的变化特点.结果表明,连作降低了烤烟叶绿素含量和光合能力,减缓了烟株生长,降低了烤烟产量.连作1年烟田对烤烟的生长和光合影响不大,而连作5年显著降低了烤烟叶片的叶绿素含量,主要是叶绿素a含量,限制了烤烟叶片对光能的捕获、传递和利用.连作5年降低了烤烟叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度,但胞间 CO2浓度却没有明显的降低,并且连作5年使烤烟叶片的表观量子效率、光饱和点、光饱和时最大光合速率、羧化效率、CO2饱和点和 CO2饱和时最大光合速率均有不同程度的降低,而光补偿点和 CO2补偿点却显著增加.这说明连作不但降低了烤烟叶片光能利用效率,也限制了对CO2的同化能力,引起烤烟叶片光合降低是由于气孔因素和非气孔因素共同作用的结果.因此,较长年限的连作降低了烤烟叶片的光化学能力和碳同化能力,限制了烤烟光合生产力,造成连作减产.
위탐명고연련작대협편광합특성적영향,이련작1년화련작5년적고연위연구대상,연구료련작조건하고연생장、협편협록소함량화광합특성적변화특점.결과표명,련작강저료고연협록소함량화광합능력,감완료연주생장,강저료고연산량.련작1년연전대고연적생장화광합영향불대,이련작5년현저강저료고연협편적협록소함량,주요시협록소a함량,한제료고연협편대광능적포획、전체화이용.련작5년강저료고연협편적정광합속솔、증등속솔화기공도도,단포간 CO2농도각몰유명현적강저,병차련작5년사고연협편적표관양자효솔、광포화점、광포화시최대광합속솔、최화효솔、CO2포화점화 CO2포화시최대광합속솔균유불동정도적강저,이광보상점화 CO2보상점각현저증가.저설명련작불단강저료고연협편광능이용효솔,야한제료대CO2적동화능력,인기고연협편광합강저시유우기공인소화비기공인소공동작용적결과.인차,교장년한적련작강저료고연협편적광화학능력화탄동화능력,한제료고연광합생산력,조성련작감산.
In this paper, photosynthetic characteristics in leaves of flue-cured tobacco grown in the field of continuous cropping for one year and five year were investigated by measuring plant growth, chlorophyll content and photosynthesis. The results showed that continuous cropping decreased chlorophyll content and photosynthesis capacity, and reduced the tobacco growth and leaf yield. Although little influence on tobacco growth and photosynthesis capacity was observed in the field with one year continuous cropping, Chlorophyll content in leaves of flue-cured tobacco grown under 5-year continuous cropping reduced significantly, especially, chlorophyll A content, which restricted light capture, energy conversion and utilization in leaves of tobacco. The net photosynthetic rates, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of tobacco leaves under 5-years continuous cropping decreased, but, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration changed little. The apparent quantum yield, light saturation point, photosynthetic rate saturated light, carbolyation efficiency, carbon dioxide saturation point and photosynthetic rate at saturated carbon dioxide in leaves of tobacco grown under continuous copping decreased, and carbon dioxide compensation point and light compensation points increased significantly under 5-years continuous cropping. It indicated that light use efficiency in leaves of tobacco grown in continuous cropping field was not only decreased significantly but also CO2 assimilation, and photosynthesis decrease under 5-years continuous cropping was caused by stomatal factors and nonstomatal factors. It suggested that the decreases of photochemical and assimilation capacity in leaves of tobacco grown in continuous cropping field limited photosynthetic production to reduced leaf yield of tobacco.