CAJ | 학술논문

研制新型高效燃油添加剂已成为控制发动机燃烧与排放的重要课题,纳米CeO2颗粒因其独特物理化学性质使其在催化燃烧和尾气净化领域具有独特的作用.通过向柴油中添加微量纳米CeO2颗粒,配制成质量分数为50 mg/L和100 mg/L的CeO2-柴油混合燃料,标记为D50C和D100C,以柴油(Diesel)为参照,并在186FA柴油机上对比研究了这3种燃料的燃烧与排放性能.结果表明:通过加入表面活性剂CTAB和超声处理物理化学方法可使纳米CeO2颗粒稳定悬浮于柴油中.标定转速全负荷下发动机燃用D50C和D100C后缸内压力峰值、压升率峰值和放热率峰值都有略微增加的趋势,而其对应的曲轴转角相应提前,滞燃期分别相应缩短1 o和2o曲轴转角.发动机燃油D50C和D100C后燃油消耗率略有降低,有效热效率有所增加.纳米CeO2颗粒添加至柴油中4种常规污染物都有不同程度的降低,且随其添加量增加越发明显.相比于纯柴油,标定转速全负荷下,D50C和D100C的比油耗分别降低约1.6%和2.3%,有效热效率分别增加约1.7%和2.3%.D50C和D100C的CO、HC、NOx和烟度排放平均分别降低3.4%和6.5%、15.1%和18.4%、2.4%和5.4%、4.0%和7.8%.D50C和D100C混合燃料的成本分别比柴油上升约0.8%和1.6%.综合来看,微量添加纳米CeO2颗粒可在略微增加燃油价格的前提下,即可实现发动机的高效燃烧与节能减排,因而是一种性能优良的燃油添加剂.
연제신형고효연유첨가제이성위공제발동궤연소여배방적중요과제,납미CeO2과립인기독특물이화학성질사기재최화연소화미기정화영역구유독특적작용.통과향시유중첨가미량납미CeO2과립,배제성질량분수위50 mg/L화100 mg/L적CeO2-시유혼합연료,표기위D50C화D100C,이시유(Diesel)위삼조,병재186FA시유궤상대비연구료저3충연료적연소여배방성능.결과표명:통과가입표면활성제CTAB화초성처리물이화학방법가사납미CeO2과립은정현부우시유중.표정전속전부하하발동궤연용D50C화D100C후항내압력봉치、압승솔봉치화방열솔봉치도유략미증가적추세,이기대응적곡축전각상응제전,체연기분별상응축단1 o화2o곡축전각.발동궤연유D50C화D100C후연유소모솔략유강저,유효열효솔유소증가.납미CeO2과립첨가지시유중4충상규오염물도유불동정도적강저,차수기첨가량증가월발명현.상비우순시유,표정전속전부하하,D50C화D100C적비유모분별강저약1.6%화2.3%,유효열효솔분별증가약1.7%화2.3%.D50C화D100C적CO、HC、NOx화연도배방평균분별강저3.4%화6.5%、15.1%화18.4%、2.4%화5.4%、4.0%화7.8%.D50C화D100C혼합연료적성본분별비시유상승약0.8%화1.6%.종합래간,미량첨가납미CeO2과립가재략미증가연유개격적전제하,즉가실현발동궤적고효연소여절능감배,인이시일충성능우량적연유첨가제.
Developing new and highly efficient fuel additives have become an important topic of controlling engine combustion and emissions. For its unique physiochemical properties, nano-particles CeO2 makes it own a unique role in the field of catalytic combustion and exhaust gas purification. Through adding a trace amount of nano-particles CeO2 to diesel oil, two CeO2-diesel blends with the masse fraction of 50 and 100 mg/L of nano-particles CeO2 have been prepared, which makes D50C, D100C and Diesel these three test fuels, together with pure diesel as a reference. And the influences of these three test fuels on 186FA diesel engine combustion and emission have been investigated. The results show that: By using physical and chemical methods such as adding surfactant and ultrasonic processing, nano-particles CeO2 can be suspended stably in diesel. At full load at rated speed , the in-cylinder pressure peak, pressure rise rate peak and heat release rate peak have increased slightly when engine fuelled with D50C and D100C, while the corresponding crank angles are in advance accordingly, their ignition delay periods are also shorten by 1° or 2° crank angle accordingly. The engine’s brake specific fuel consumption has reduced slightly with the effective thermal efficiency slightly increased when fuelled with D50C and D100C. Four conventional pollutants have reduced with different degrees with the addition of nano-particles CeO2 into diesel, and their reduction margins are more evident with the increase of the amount of nano-particles CeO2 in diesel. As compared to diesel, at full load at rated speed, the brake specific fuel consumption of D50C and D100C have droped 1.6%and 2.3%with a increase of 1.7%and 2.3%in corresponding effective thermal efficiency. The CO、HC、NOx and smoke emissions of D50C and D100C have decreased in average by 3.4%and 6.5%、15.1%and 18.4%、2.4%and 5.4%、4.0%and 7.8%, respectively. The costs of D50C and D100C blends are 0.8%and 1.6%higher than that of diesel. On the whole, with a slight increase in fuel price through the trace addition, nano-particles CeO2 is a kind of fuel additives with excellent performance, which can achieve highly combustion、energy conservation and emission reduction of engine.