CAJ | 학술논문

为了降低叶片式抛送装置功耗、提高抛送效率,该文采用理论分析与试验研究相结合的方法建立了考虑气流影响的、适合各种叶片倾角的叶片式抛送装置功耗数学模型,并利用虚拟样机进行优化,以抛送功耗最小为目标函数,对抛送装置结构参数、运动参数进行参数化分析.结果表明,叶轮外径700 mm、转速650~2000 r/min时,采用径向叶片、转速为650 r/min时比功耗最小.通过参数化分析得到不同工况时叶片式抛送装置结构参数与运动参数的最佳配置,为实际叶片式抛送装置的设计生产提供较精确的理论依据,并对节能降耗有着重要的现实意义.
위료강저협편식포송장치공모、제고포송효솔,해문채용이론분석여시험연구상결합적방법건립료고필기류영향적、괄합각충협편경각적협편식포송장치공모수학모형,병이용허의양궤진행우화,이포송공모최소위목표함수,대포송장치결구삼수、운동삼수진행삼수화분석.결과표명,협륜외경700 mm、전속650~2000 r/min시,채용경향협편、전속위650 r/min시비공모최소.통과삼수화분석득도불동공황시협편식포송장치결구삼수여운동삼수적최가배치,위실제협편식포송장치적설계생산제공교정학적이론의거,병대절능강모유착중요적현실의의.
The impeller blower is widely used in various forage harvesters, such as crop straw choppers, rubbing, and breaking machines, to convey materials because of its simplicity, reliability, easy maintenance and adjustment, high capacity and low manufacturing cost. However, some undesired problems such as high power consumption, low throwing/blowing efficiency and high clogging probability also exist in the process of throwing/blowing the materials. In order to reduce the power consumption of the impeller blower and increase its blowing efficiency, the theoretical analyzing method was used to establish the mathematical models of the power consumption, firstly based on considering the airflow, which is suitable for forward-slant, backward-slant and radial paddle. The power consumption includes two parts. One part is the energy required to accelerate the materials that will obtain kinetic energy by means of the mechanical centrifugal force when the paddle rotates at high speed. The other part is the energy that accelerates the airflow in the impeller blower and helps the materials conveying under the condition of high rotating speed of the paddle. The first power consumption is related to the material-threw angle, namely, the rotation angle of the paddle in the course of hitting, carrying and throwing out of the material. When the material-threw angle is in the range from approximately 60°to 130°, all materials are thrown out of the housing under the condition of low energy consumption, high throwing/blowing efficiency and low clogging probability. However, when the material-threw angle is less than 60°or more than 130°, few materials are thrown out of the housing directly. Most of the materials will hit the housing, which causes most of the energy lost under the hitting energy E4c and a frictional energy E4f. Through validation by using the test data of the corn stalk, it shows that the computing power consumption by using this mathematical model of the power consumption agrees well with the measured data by multiplying the E4c and E4f with a correction factor of k=0.35 respectively. Moreover, the optimum design was conducted to the structural and kinematic parameters of the impeller blower by treating the minimum specific power consumption (energy consumption of unit throughput) as the target function by using a Virtual Prototype Technology based on a modified ADAMS model of materials motion along the paddles in reference paper. The results show that when the impeller’s external diameter is 700mm, its width is 160mm, its rotational speed is in the range of 650-2000r/min, the forward slant angle changes from -25°to 0 (radial paddle) and the backward slant angle changes from 5°to 25°with an increasing step of 5°, the radial paddle with a rotational speed of 650r/min consumes the minimum specific power. As is shown from the comparative analysis of the real specific power consumption and the optimized results, the optimum results are reliable. Furthermore, the optimum parameter setup for the impeller blower is gained at different operating conditions by using a parametric analysis of a Virtual Prototype Technology. For example, when the impeller blower works with the rubbing and breaking machine and throws/blows the rubbed and broken materials, and the impeller’s external diameter is 700mm, its width is 160mm, its rotational speed is 1550r/min and the feeding quantity is 1.8kg/s, the parametric analysis shows that the radial paddle is able to match this operating condition perfectly. The optimum match results between the kinematic parameter and structural parameter are also validated through the power consumption test. The research results in this paper will play a significant role in decreasing the power consumption and provide the feasible theoretical reference for further designing the impeller blowers.