CAJ | 학술논문

本追踪研究从发展的角度探讨了焦虑退缩行为与儿童的社会适应之间的关系,并探讨了气质对焦虑退缩行为的影响.共132名儿童参与了本研究,2岁时测查了儿童气质,7岁和11岁时测查了儿童的焦虑退缩行为和社会适应.结果发现,7岁时焦虑退缩行为与社会适应之间的相关不显著,11岁时焦虑退缩与积极的适应结果呈负相关,与消极的适应结果呈正相关;儿童2岁时的行为接近显著预测儿童7岁和11岁时的焦虑退缩行为,且儿童2岁时的自我调节能力能够调节行为接近与11岁时的焦虑退缩之间的关系.研究表明,从7岁到11岁,焦虑退缩行为对社会适应的影响变得消极,在对焦虑退缩行为的预测中,存在不同气质特质之间的交互作用.
본추종연구종발전적각도탐토료초필퇴축행위여인동적사회괄응지간적관계,병탐토료기질대초필퇴축행위적영향.공132명인동삼여료본연구,2세시측사료인동기질,7세화11세시측사료인동적초필퇴축행위화사회괄응.결과발현,7세시초필퇴축행위여사회괄응지간적상관불현저,11세시초필퇴축여적겁적괄응결과정부상관,여소겁적괄응결과정정상관;인동2세시적행위접근현저예측인동7세화11세시적초필퇴축행위,차인동2세시적자아조절능력능구조절행위접근여11세시적초필퇴축지간적관계.연구표명,종7세도11세,초필퇴축행위대사회괄응적영향변득소겁,재대초필퇴축행위적예측중,존재불동기질특질지간적교호작용.
@@@@Children’s reticent behavior is associated with maladjustment in western countries, but with less problems in China, which indicated that its functional significance may be different in Chinese culture. Regardless of the general context, however, the adaptive meaning of social reticence may vary with age. The present study examined the relations between children’s reticent behavior and social adjustment from developmental perspective in China. The study also investigated the relations between children’s temperament (behavioral approach and inhibition and self-regulation) and reticent behavior. @@@@One hundred and thirty-two children were followed from age 2 to age 11 years. Initially, toddlers and their mothers were invited to visit university lab within 3 months of each toddler’s 2nd birthday. An adapted version of behavioral inhibition paradigm and two delay tasks were administered to measure children’s temperament. Behavioral approach and inhibition were coded on the basis of children’s behavior and emotion in three strange situations, and self regulation was coded on the basis of children’s delay behavior. These children were invited to the university laboratory in same-sex quartets to participate in follow-up studies at 7 and 11 years. The observational paradigm consisted of two free play sessions (each for 15 min) and a series of other sessions. Children’s reticent behavior was assessed on the basis of free-play sessions. Peer liking was assessed based on one-to-one interview after the observation. Teachers were also asked to rate children’s social adjustment in school. @@@@Results indicated that reticent behavior was concurrently not associated with social adjustment at age 7. However, it was negatively associated with peer liking and teacher-rated social competence and positively associated with internalizing problems and victimization at age 11. Children’s behavioral approach at age 2 significantly and negatively predicted children’s reticent behavior at age 7 and age 11. Self regulation moderated the relation between behavioral approach at age 2 and reticent behavior at age 11. Behavioral approach at age 2 was negatively associated with reticent behavior at age 11 for those low in self regulation, but for those high in self regulation. The findings show that the relations between social reticence and social adjustment may vary with age. Social reticence may have more detrimental effects on adjustment for preadolescents than for children. The findings also show that the relations between temperament and reticent behavior depend on the adaptive meaning of reticent behavior. In addition, self-regulation may moderate the relations between reticent behavior and adjustment.