天文学进展
天文學進展
천문학진전
PROGRESS IN ASTRONOMY
2013年
2期
141-159
,共19页
崔辰州%李建%蔡栩%范玉峰%王锋%曹子皇%苏丽颖%樊东卫%乔翠兰%何勃亮%李长华%赵永恒%谌悦%王传军%辛玉新%白金明%季凯帆
崔辰州%李建%蔡栩%範玉峰%王鋒%曹子皇%囌麗穎%樊東衛%喬翠蘭%何勃亮%李長華%趙永恆%諶悅%王傳軍%辛玉新%白金明%季凱帆
최신주%리건%채허%범옥봉%왕봉%조자황%소려영%번동위%교취란%하발량%리장화%조영항%심열%왕전군%신옥신%백금명%계개범
程控自主天文台%望远镜网络%自主观测%时域天文学
程控自主天文檯%望遠鏡網絡%自主觀測%時域天文學
정공자주천문태%망원경망락%자주관측%시역천문학
robotic autonomous observatory%telescope network%autonomous observation%time-domain astronomy
网络技术的不断发展和望远镜远程控制技术的成熟让无人值守的程控自主天文台成为可能.把多个独立运行的程控自主天文台通过网络连接起来协同工作,就是程控自主天文台网络.程控自主天文台和概要式巡天在共同开启时域天文学并进而推动天文学跨越式发展的同时,也给研究方式和技术应用带来全新的挑战.回顾程控自主天文台网络的发展轨迹,总结实现的基本思路和逻辑结构,介绍科学应用,探讨随之而来的挑战,尝试分析在天文学上的发展前景和国内的发展战略.
網絡技術的不斷髮展和望遠鏡遠程控製技術的成熟讓無人值守的程控自主天文檯成為可能.把多箇獨立運行的程控自主天文檯通過網絡連接起來協同工作,就是程控自主天文檯網絡.程控自主天文檯和概要式巡天在共同開啟時域天文學併進而推動天文學跨越式髮展的同時,也給研究方式和技術應用帶來全新的挑戰.迴顧程控自主天文檯網絡的髮展軌跡,總結實現的基本思路和邏輯結構,介紹科學應用,探討隨之而來的挑戰,嘗試分析在天文學上的髮展前景和國內的髮展戰略.
망락기술적불단발전화망원경원정공제기술적성숙양무인치수적정공자주천문태성위가능.파다개독립운행적정공자주천문태통과망락련접기래협동공작,취시정공자주천문태망락.정공자주천문태화개요식순천재공동개계시역천문학병진이추동천문학과월식발전적동시,야급연구방식화기술응용대래전신적도전.회고정공자주천문태망락적발전궤적,총결실현적기본사로화라집결구,개소과학응용,탐토수지이래적도전,상시분석재천문학상적발전전경화국내적발전전략.
@@@@Developments in telescopes, detectors and software have greatly enhanced our ability to make astronomical observations. Powerful astronomical observation is very sensitive to its working environment, requiring it to be quiet as much as possible. Rapid urbanization over the past century has impacted this environment such that astronomical observations now suffer from light, air and electromagnetic pollution. To obtain better observational data and generate more scientific discover-ies, astronomical observatories are forced to migrate to remote places or even into space. As a result of the migration, and the global nature of astronomy, observatories and scientific data are widely dis-tributed. Meanwhile, multiband astronomy and time-domain astronomy are becoming popular fields in astronomy in the 21st century, both of which are based on federation of multiband and multi-time scientific datasets. @@@@Robotic Autonomous Observatory (RAO) and RAO Network (RAON) provide a science driven and technique enabled way to address the above problem. With the development of information technology and computer science as well as electro-mechanics, the automation of astronomical ob-servation is undergoing rapid development, and consequently long term unsupervised observation is made possible. This becomes what we call “Robotic Autonomous Observatory”. Following from this is the idea of connecting multiple robotic autonomous observatories via a robust computer network @@@@and making them interoperate. The connected system, namely “Robotic Autonomous Observatory Network”, will enable observation around the clock in respect to a given object or covering large areas on the sky repeatedly, and the completeness of observations in time and space domains could be largely guaranteed. @@@@Time domain astronomy and data intensive astronomy are being enabled by the advent of the new autonomous observation mode and synoptic sky surveys, which brings both new scientific opportunities and fresh challenges. This paper reviews the historical perspectives of robotic au-tonomous observatory network. Several ongoing global RAON projects with early efforts in China are described briefly. The 5-layer architecture of RAON is summarized following the concept of a data-driven system, i.e. data harvest system, data archive system, data processing system, manage-ment and scheduling system, and network and message exchange system. BOOTES (Burst Optical Observer and Transient Exploring System) is introduced as an example to provide a deeper under-standing of the architecture. Scientific applications of RAON are summarized briefly. Technical challenges facing the RAON are classified in terms of autonomous observation, scheduling, and data mining. Finally, requirements and development strategies on RAON are discussed.
