运筹与管理
運籌與管理
운주여관리
OPERATIONS RESEARCH AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
2013年
2期
72-79
,共8页
鲁棒性调度%突发事件应急救援%优化模型%禁忌搜索启发式算法%资源约束
魯棒性調度%突髮事件應急救援%優化模型%禁忌搜索啟髮式算法%資源約束
로봉성조도%돌발사건응급구원%우화모형%금기수색계발식산법%자원약속
robust scheduling%emergency rescue%optimization model%tabu search heuristic algorithm%resource constraints
突发事件应急救援的调度优化,对于救援活动的顺利实施及应急资源的有效使用具有至关重要的作用.本文研究资源约束下的突发事件应急救援鲁棒性调度优化问题,其中,鲁棒性定义为各活动的时间缓冲与其权重系数乘积的总和,目标是在资源可用量及救援期限的约束下,安排活动开始时间和执行模式以最大化应急救援计划的鲁棒性.作者构建了问题的0-1规划优化模型,针对其 NP-hard 属性,基于问题特征设计双环路禁忌搜索启发式算法.通过对一个算例的计算分析,得到如下结论:给定网络结构及时间参数,利用权重系数的定义可以将时间缓冲分配到重要活动上,由此提高应急救援计划的鲁棒性;随着资源可用量的增加,计划的鲁棒性呈上升趋势,而当救援期限延长时,计划的鲁棒性单调增加.本文研究可为突发事件应急救援基准计划的制定提供决策支持.
突髮事件應急救援的調度優化,對于救援活動的順利實施及應急資源的有效使用具有至關重要的作用.本文研究資源約束下的突髮事件應急救援魯棒性調度優化問題,其中,魯棒性定義為各活動的時間緩遲與其權重繫數乘積的總和,目標是在資源可用量及救援期限的約束下,安排活動開始時間和執行模式以最大化應急救援計劃的魯棒性.作者構建瞭問題的0-1規劃優化模型,針對其 NP-hard 屬性,基于問題特徵設計雙環路禁忌搜索啟髮式算法.通過對一箇算例的計算分析,得到如下結論:給定網絡結構及時間參數,利用權重繫數的定義可以將時間緩遲分配到重要活動上,由此提高應急救援計劃的魯棒性;隨著資源可用量的增加,計劃的魯棒性呈上升趨勢,而噹救援期限延長時,計劃的魯棒性單調增加.本文研究可為突髮事件應急救援基準計劃的製定提供決策支持.
돌발사건응급구원적조도우화,대우구원활동적순리실시급응급자원적유효사용구유지관중요적작용.본문연구자원약속하적돌발사건응급구원로봉성조도우화문제,기중,로봉성정의위각활동적시간완충여기권중계수승적적총화,목표시재자원가용량급구원기한적약속하,안배활동개시시간화집행모식이최대화응급구원계화적로봉성.작자구건료문제적0-1규화우화모형,침대기 NP-hard 속성,기우문제특정설계쌍배로금기수색계발식산법.통과대일개산례적계산분석,득도여하결론:급정망락결구급시간삼수,이용권중계수적정의가이장시간완충분배도중요활동상,유차제고응급구원계화적로봉성;수착자원가용량적증가,계화적로봉성정상승추세,이당구원기한연장시,계화적로봉성단조증가.본문연구가위돌발사건응급구원기준계화적제정제공결책지지.
Scheduling optimization of emergency rescue has an important effect on the smooth execution of rescue activities and the effective utilization of emergency resources .This paper involves the robust scheduling optimiza -tion problem of resource-constrained emergency rescue.In the problem, the robustness is defined as the sum of the products of time buffer and weight coefficient of activities , and the objective is to determine start time and performing mode of activities so as to maximize the schedule robustness under the constraints of resource availa -bility and rescue deadline.The 0 -1 programming optimization model of the problem is constructed and in view of its NP-hardness, a two-loop tabu search heuristic algorithm is developed based on the characteristic of the problem.Ultimately, an instance is calculated and analyzed and the following conclusion is drawn : Given the network structure and time parameters of the emergency rescue , the time buffer can be assigned to the important activities through the definition of their weight coefficients , thus improving the schedule robustness effectively ;the schedule robustness tends to ascend with the increase of the resource availability and as the rescue deadline extends, the schedule robustness climbs monotonously .The research in this paper can provide decision supports for the preparation of the base schedule of emergency rescue .
