CAJ | 학술논문

采用田间小区试验方法,在25和30穴·m-2的密度条件下,比较农民习惯肥水管理(FFP)和肥水优化管理(OPT)的群体质量指标.结果表明,FFP-25产量为8.95 t·hm-2,FFP-30通过增加密度使抽穗期粒重/叶面积提高11.4%(P<0.01),但是分蘖成穗率降低,因此增产不显著;与FFP-25相比,OPT-25通过肥水优化管理使分蘖成穗率提高4.8%,抽穗期粒重/叶面积提高14.8%(P<0.01),产量提高8.5%(P<0.05);OPT-30在优化施肥的基础上增加密度,与FFP-25相比,抽穗期叶面积指数提高10.8%,粒重/叶面积提高15.7%(P<0.01),产量提高15.5%(P<0.01).试验结果表明,增加密度产量增加不显著,增加密度的同时降低总氮量,增加穗肥中氮素的比例,并采用以水带氮的追肥方式,能够改善水稻群体质量,提高了抽穗期粒叶比,显著提高水稻产量.
채용전간소구시험방법,재25화30혈·m-2적밀도조건하,비교농민습관비수관리(FFP)화비수우화관리(OPT)적군체질량지표.결과표명,FFP-25산량위8.95 t·hm-2,FFP-30통과증가밀도사추수기립중/협면적제고11.4%(P<0.01),단시분얼성수솔강저,인차증산불현저;여FFP-25상비,OPT-25통과비수우화관리사분얼성수솔제고4.8%,추수기립중/협면적제고14.8%(P<0.01),산량제고8.5%(P<0.05);OPT-30재우화시비적기출상증가밀도,여FFP-25상비,추수기협면적지수제고10.8%,립중/협면적제고15.7%(P<0.01),산량제고15.5%(P<0.01).시험결과표명,증가밀도산량증가불현저,증가밀도적동시강저총담량,증가수비중담소적비례,병채용이수대담적추비방식,능구개선수도군체질량,제고료추수기립협비,현저제고수도산량.
A field experiment with 2 water and fertilizer management methods under 2 plant densities (25 and 30 plants·m-2), optimal fertilization practice under controlled irrigation (OPT) and farmer's fertilization practice under traditional irrigation (FFP), was conducted to study their effects on rice population quality. Yield of FFP-25 was 8.95 t·hm-2, FFP-30 increased grain weight/leaf area by 11.4%(P<0.01) by increasing density at heading, but decreased the earbearing tiller rate, therefore, the increase of yield was not significant. Compared with FFP-25, OPT-25 increased earbearing tiller rate, grain weight/leaf area and yield by 4.8%, 14.8 (P<0.01) and 8.5% (P<0.05), respectively; OPT-30 improved LAI and grain-leaf ratio at heading by 10.8% and 15.7% (P<0.01), therefore, yield was increased by 15.5% (P<0.01) compared with FFP-25. The results indicated that the increase of the density could not improve yield, but OPT, decreased total N rate and applied N at later growth under controlled irrigation, significantly enhanced rice yield under higher density because of improving rice population quality and grain-leaf ratio at heading.