CAJ | 학술논문

通过盆栽试验的方法,研究不同种植方式对苗期大豆、玉米根际土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶和蔗糖酶活性和微生物量碳、氮的影响,试验共设9个处理,分别在前茬作物为大豆、玉米和大豆-玉米混作的土壤上种植大豆、玉米和大豆-玉米混作.结果表明,①与大豆-玉米轮作相比,大豆连作降低了根际土壤多酚氧化酶和脲酶活性,玉米连作降低了脲酶活性而提高了过氧化氢酶活性,三种种植方式下蔗糖酶活性无显著差异.②与大豆-玉米混作相比,大豆连作和玉米连作都降低了根际土壤脲酶活性,提高了根际土壤蔗糖酶的活性,根际土壤多酚氧化酶的活性变化不明显.在前茬为玉米的土壤处理中,大豆-玉米混作的根际土壤过氧化氢酶活性显著低于单作大豆和单作玉米的处理.③大豆连作和玉米连作的土壤微生物量碳、氮均高于大豆-玉米轮作.在前茬为玉米的土壤处理中,大豆-玉米混作的土壤微生物量氮显著高于单作大豆和单作玉米的处理.④土壤微生物量碳与微生物量氮及其碳氮比都与土壤过氧化氢酶活性和多酚氧化酶活性呈显著相关或极显著相关.因此,不同的种植方式能够影响大豆和玉米的根际土壤酶活性和土壤微生物量碳、氮,但变化规律不尽相同.
통과분재시험적방법,연구불동충식방식대묘기대두、옥미근제토양뇨매、과양화경매、다분양화매화자당매활성화미생물량탄、담적영향,시험공설9개처리,분별재전치작물위대두、옥미화대두-옥미혼작적토양상충식대두、옥미화대두-옥미혼작.결과표명,①여대두-옥미륜작상비,대두련작강저료근제토양다분양화매화뇨매활성,옥미련작강저료뇨매활성이제고료과양화경매활성,삼충충식방식하자당매활성무현저차이.②여대두-옥미혼작상비,대두련작화옥미련작도강저료근제토양뇨매활성,제고료근제토양자당매적활성,근제토양다분양화매적활성변화불명현.재전치위옥미적토양처리중,대두-옥미혼작적근제토양과양화경매활성현저저우단작대두화단작옥미적처리.③대두련작화옥미련작적토양미생물량탄、담균고우대두-옥미륜작.재전치위옥미적토양처리중,대두-옥미혼작적토양미생물량담현저고우단작대두화단작옥미적처리.④토양미생물량탄여미생물량담급기탄담비도여토양과양화경매활성화다분양화매활성정현저상관혹겁현저상관.인차,불동적충식방식능구영향대두화옥미적근제토양매활성화토양미생물량탄、담,단변화규률불진상동.
Through the pot experiment, the effects of different cropping patterns of soybean and maize seedlings on rhizosphere soil urease, catalase, polyphenol oxidase and invertase activities and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen was studied. Nine treatments were set and maize, soybean, soy-maize were planted in pots filled with cropped soils of soybean, maize or mixed cropping, respectively. Result showed that: ①Soil urease and polyphenol oxidase activities of soy-maize rotation increased than that of soybean continuous cropping; and only urease activity increased than maize continuous cropping, but catalase activity decreased, and invertase activity did not changed significantly. ② Soil urease activity of soy-maize mixed cropping was higher, but invertase activity was lower than that of soybean or maize continuous cropping, and polyphenol oxidase activity was not significantly changed. In the soil of cropped maize, soil catalase activity of soybean and maize mixed cropping was significantly lower than that of monocropping of soybean or maize. ③Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen of soybean and maize continuous cropping was higher than that of soybean and maize rotation. In the soil of cropped maize, soil microbial biomass nitrogen of soybean and maize mixed cropping was significantly higher than that of monocropping of soybean or maize. ④Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and C/N ratio had a significant or very significant correlation with soil catalase activity and polyphenol oxidase activity, respectively. Therefore, different cropping patterns could affect rhizosphere soil enzyme activities and influence soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, but the variation trends were different.