CAJ | 학술논문

对战败以后被停止行使国家主权的日本来说,尽快实现媾和结束占领,恢复行使国家主权,重返国际社会是战后初期最重要的外交课题.在这一过程中,如何以最小的代价,以对己最有利的方式实现媾和成为日本各界关注的焦点.然而,一般来说何时媾和,把何种问题纳入媾和议题等均由掌握媾和主导权的战胜国来决定.二战后美苏矛盾不断激化,东西冷战的乌云迅速蔓延东亚的形势下,掌握对日占领主导权的美国,为使日本尽快成为“东亚防共防波堤”,高唱对日“宽大的媾和”,致使日本置喙媾和问题的机会陡然增加.在东西冷战迅速蔓延的形势下,安全保障问题和与之相联系的日本周边岛屿的处置问题,成了日本能否谋求同盟国尽早实现媾和的关键.最终日本吉田茂政府接受美军继续驻扎日本本土;牺牲冲绳人民的利益,同意美国以联合国的名义托管琉球(冲绳),日本只保留“潜在主权(或‘残存主权’)”的有限恢复主权的方式实现了同西方阵营的“多数媾和”——即事实上的“片面媾和”.
대전패이후피정지행사국가주권적일본래설,진쾌실현구화결속점령,회복행사국가주권,중반국제사회시전후초기최중요적외교과제.재저일과정중,여하이최소적대개,이대기최유리적방식실현구화성위일본각계관주적초점.연이,일반래설하시구화,파하충문제납입구화의제등균유장악구화주도권적전성국래결정.이전후미소모순불단격화,동서랭전적오운신속만연동아적형세하,장악대일점영주도권적미국,위사일본진쾌성위“동아방공방파제”,고창대일“관대적구화”,치사일본치훼구화문제적궤회두연증가.재동서랭전신속만연적형세하,안전보장문제화여지상련계적일본주변도서적처치문제,성료일본능부모구동맹국진조실현구화적관건.최종일본길전무정부접수미군계속주찰일본본토;희생충승인민적이익,동의미국이연합국적명의탁관류구(충승),일본지보류“잠재주권(혹‘잔존주권’)”적유한회복주권적방식실현료동서방진영적“다수구화”——즉사실상적“편면구화”.
@@@@To Japan who was stopped exercising a state sovereignty after being defeated, realizing peace-making, ending the occupation as soon as possible, resuming the exercise of sovereignty and rejoining the international community were the most important diplomatic topics in the early days of postwar. In this process, how to minimize the cost, use the most advantageous way to make peace had become the concern of all sectors of the Japanese society. However, when to make peace and what were put in the peace treaty depended on countries winning the war. After World War II, US-Soviet Union contradiction became inten-sified, and the dark clouds of the Cold War spread in East Asia; the USA who had the dominant right over the occupation of Japan, in order to make Japan an”East Asia breakwater against the Communist”, singed a ”lenient peacemaking” over Japan, increasing the opportunities that Japan could join the discussion of peacemaking abruptly. Under the situation of a rapid spreading of the Cold War, security issues associated with the disposal problems of surrounding islands of Japan became the key to making peace with the allies. Finally, Shigeru Yoshida government accepted the continuation of deployment of U.S army and agreed U.S to trust Okinawa in the name of the United Nations by sacrificing the interests of the people in Okinawa, and in the way of retaining the potential sovereignty (or ’residual sovereignty’), and limited restoration of sovereignty to realize the peacemaking with the majority of western camp, that is, a de facto”one-sided peacemaking”.