CAJ | 학술논문

2009年9月,作者以蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)杂交家系 HD(♀H×♂D)及其亲本家系 H、D 为材料,采取单对交配策略建立了 B1F1(♀HD×♂H)、B2F1(♀D×♂HD)、B3F1(♀HD×♂D)和 B4F1(♀H×♂HD)4个回交家系,并对各家系蛤仔早期生长发育进行比较.结果表明:家系间蛤仔的卵径、受精率、孵化率和初孵 D 形幼虫壳长差异不显著(P>0.05);浮游幼虫期, B1F1和 B3F1家系幼虫生长速度显著快于B2F1和 B4F1(P<0.05),9日龄时 B2F1和 B4F1幼虫存活率显著低于 B1F1和 B3F1(P<0.05);变态期, B2F1和B4F1家系幼虫表现出明显的变态时间延长、变态规格小型化和变态率低等近交衰退现象;稚贝期, B1F1和 B3F1家系稚贝生长优势开始显现,而 B2F1和 B4F1家系稚贝生长和存活劣势依旧明显.综上可见以杂交 F1(♀)为母本的 B1F1和 B3F1家系早期生长和存活性状显著优于以杂交 F1(♂)为父本的 B2F1和 B4F1家系,因此在蛤仔回交育种中以杂交 F1(♀)为母本更有利于选择.
2009년9월,작자이합자(Ruditapes philippinarum)잡교가계 HD(♀H×♂D)급기친본가계 H、D 위재료,채취단대교배책략건립료 B1F1(♀HD×♂H)、B2F1(♀D×♂HD)、B3F1(♀HD×♂D)화 B4F1(♀H×♂HD)4개회교가계,병대각가계합자조기생장발육진행비교.결과표명:가계간합자적란경、수정솔、부화솔화초부 D 형유충각장차이불현저(P>0.05);부유유충기, B1F1화 B3F1가계유충생장속도현저쾌우B2F1화 B4F1(P<0.05),9일령시 B2F1화 B4F1유충존활솔현저저우 B1F1화 B3F1(P<0.05);변태기, B2F1화B4F1가계유충표현출명현적변태시간연장、변태규격소형화화변태솔저등근교쇠퇴현상;치패기, B1F1화 B3F1가계치패생장우세개시현현,이 B2F1화 B4F1가계치패생장화존활열세의구명현.종상가견이잡교 F1(♀)위모본적 B1F1화 B3F1가계조기생장화존활성상현저우우이잡교 F1(♂)위부본적 B2F1화 B4F1가계,인차재합자회교육충중이잡교 F1(♀)위모본경유리우선택.
Four backcross families (B1F1 (♀HD×♂H), B2F1 (♀D×♂HD), B3F1 (♀HD×♂D) and B4F1 (♀H×♂HD) of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum) were established in September, 2009. Phenotypic traits of these families were analyzed. No significant difference were detected in egg-diameter, fertilization rates, hatching rates, and D larval size among the families (P>0.05). We found that the growth rates of B1F1 and B3F1, which were selected F1 (♀) as female parents were significantly higher than those of B2F1 and B4F1 selected F1 (♂) as male parents (P<0.05), at all the early growth stages, but the difference between B1F1, B3F1 and control line were not significant before 60 days (P>0.05). Comparing the survival rates of these families, B1F1 and B3F1, were also significantly higher than those of B2F1 and B4F1, while there was no significant difference between B1F1, B3F1 and control line throughout the early growth stages (P>0.05). Therefore, selecting F1 (♀) as the female parent, and then conducting a backcross breeding appears to be an effective method for genetic improvement of Manila clam Ruditapes philippi-narum.