CAJ | 학술논문

为提高农机底盘关键零部件的可靠性,以4LZ-2稻麦联合收割机经改进后的驱动桥壳为研究对象,分别对驱动桥壳在最大垂向力、最大牵引力、最大制动力和最大侧向力4种典型工况下的强度和刚度可靠性进行了研究.基于 ANSYS/APDL 参数化设计语言建立驱动桥壳参数化模型,并依据可靠性干涉原理建立了驱动桥壳强度和刚度可靠性模型;将驱动桥壳的几何尺寸、载荷、材料强度等设为服从正态分布和均匀分布的随机变量,运用ANSYS 概率设计模块和 Monte-Carlo 抽样法,对驱动桥壳的可靠性进行仿真分析,得出驱动桥壳在最大垂向力和最大侧向力2个工况下可靠行较差;通过参数灵敏度分析可知,当动载荷系数、满载轴荷和最大牵引力增大时,驱动桥壳趋于失效状态;当材料强度、左右板簧座间距和半轴套管大端直径增大时,驱动桥壳将趋于更加可靠.该研究方法与结果可为农机底盘驱动桥壳等关键零件的精益设计提供理论指导.
위제고농궤저반관건령부건적가고성,이4LZ-2도맥연합수할궤경개진후적구동교각위연구대상,분별대구동교각재최대수향력、최대견인력、최대제동력화최대측향력4충전형공황하적강도화강도가고성진행료연구.기우 ANSYS/APDL 삼수화설계어언건립구동교각삼수화모형,병의거가고성간섭원리건립료구동교각강도화강도가고성모형;장구동교각적궤하척촌、재하、재료강도등설위복종정태분포화균균분포적수궤변량,운용ANSYS 개솔설계모괴화 Monte-Carlo 추양법,대구동교각적가고성진행방진분석,득출구동교각재최대수향력화최대측향력2개공황하가고행교차;통과삼수령민도분석가지,당동재하계수、만재축하화최대견인력증대시,구동교각추우실효상태;당재료강도、좌우판황좌간거화반축투관대단직경증대시,구동교각장추우경가가고.해연구방법여결과가위농궤저반구동교각등관건령건적정익설계제공이론지도.
The reliability of a kind of drive axle housing was studied mainly in this study. The three-dimensional parametric model of the drive axle housing was established by using parametric design language of ANSYS (APDL), and then the strength and stiffness reliability were built on the basis of the interference principle of reliability. The reliability analysis of drive axle housing was discussed under the following four typical working conditions: maximum vertical force, maximum tractive force, maximum braking force and maximum lateral force. The strength and stiffness reliability under the conditions of different working were analyzed respectively. Considering the randomness and uncertainty of the design parameters, the geometry size, load and material strength were set into normal distribution (GAUS in ANSYS) and uniform distribution (UNIF in ANSYS). The Monte-Carlo sample method and stochastic finite element method were adopted to carry out the reliability analysis. A simulation cycle was equivalent to a sampling test, and the longer the simulation cycle lasted, the larger the sampling number was, and the better accurate the simulation result was. With the simulation cycle time of the four conditions of 488, 649, 928 and 488 respectively, the mean and standard deviation of equivalent stress sampling and deformation sampling were stabilized. The results mainly included the static analysis, the reliability analysis and the sensitivity analysis. Firstly, the equivalent stress contour and deformation contour of the drive axle housing under these four conditions were shown. Secondly, the strength reliability and stiffness reliability was also obtained. The strength reliability of all conditions and the stiffness reliability of maximum vertical force condition were more than 90%, and the stiffness reliability of the other three conditions was 100%. The results also showed that the strength reliability of the maximum lateral force condition and the stiffness reliability of maximum vertical force condition were the worst. The maximum vertical force condition and the maximum lateral force condition should be given priority consideration in the design process. Finally, through the sensitivity analysis results, the influence rules of design parameters on the reliability of the drive axle housing were obtained. The most important parameters included dynamic load coefficient K1, maximum vertical force of full load in the static state F, maximum tractive force P, material strength S and geometry size L, L1 and D4. When the parameters of K1, F and P became larger, the reliability of the drive axle housing would turn worse. On the contrary, the reliability became higher with the increasing of S, L1 and D4. Additionally, the effect of the parameter L (half of wheel track) on the reliability of the drive axle housing was more complicated. The reliability became better with the increasing L under the maximum vertical force condition and became worse under the other three working conditions. Therefore, the change of L should be strictly controlled in the design process. The research method and the analysis results can provide a theoretical guidance for the reliability design of key parts such as drive axle housing of the agricultural machinery chassis.