CAJ | 학술논문

吸液性能是土壤保水剂在进行农业抗旱应用时的重要参考指标之一.除草剂在农业生产上应用广泛,其淋溶进入土壤中会影响保水剂的吸液性能,原因在于除草剂分子导致保水剂膜结构破裂,改变了保水剂水凝胶表面的微形貌特征,从而导致其吸液性能的下降.该文采用扫描电镜分析技术和分形分析方法,研究了3种农用除草剂(阿特拉津、甲草胺、苯磺隆)对保水剂水凝胶表面微形貌特征的影响规律,并探讨了其对保水剂吸液性能的影响机制.结果表明,0.5、1、2 mg/L 质量浓度的除草剂甲草胺和苯磺隆溶液降低了保水剂的吸液能力和水凝胶表面微形貌的单分形维数,但其对保水剂吸液性能的影响并不显著;然而,除草剂阿特拉津对保水剂水凝胶表面微形貌特征的影响比较明显,阿特拉津质量浓度越大,保水剂的吸液质量越小,当质量浓度为2 mg/L 时,保水剂水凝胶表面的膜结构发生一定程度的破坏,保水剂吸液性能也显著降低,相对降低幅度达到9.64%,保水剂水凝胶表面孔隙分布的单分形维数值和多重分形谱奇异性指数跨度均随着阿特拉津浓度的加大而减小,表明其孔隙分布更为均匀,网络结构的复杂度减小.
흡액성능시토양보수제재진행농업항한응용시적중요삼고지표지일.제초제재농업생산상응용엄범,기림용진입토양중회영향보수제적흡액성능,원인재우제초제분자도치보수제막결구파렬,개변료보수제수응효표면적미형모특정,종이도치기흡액성능적하강.해문채용소묘전경분석기술화분형분석방법,연구료3충농용제초제(아특랍진、갑초알、분광륭)대보수제수응효표면미형모특정적영향규률,병탐토료기대보수제흡액성능적영향궤제.결과표명,0.5、1、2 mg/L 질량농도적제초제갑초알화분광륭용액강저료보수제적흡액능력화수응효표면미형모적단분형유수,단기대보수제흡액성능적영향병불현저;연이,제초제아특랍진대보수제수응효표면미형모특정적영향비교명현,아특랍진질량농도월대,보수제적흡액질량월소,당질량농도위2 mg/L 시,보수제수응효표면적막결구발생일정정도적파배,보수제흡액성능야현저강저,상대강저폭도체도9.64%,보수제수응효표면공극분포적단분형유수치화다중분형보기이성지수과도균수착아특랍진농도적가대이감소,표명기공극분포경위균균,망락결구적복잡도감소.
The water absorption characteristic of super absorbent polymer (SAP) is one of the most important indices for agriculture drought-resistant measurement. The SAP is easily affected by many soil environmental factors, such as soil particles, organic matter, and nutrients. The herbicide is widely used in agricultural management, thus the water absorption characteristic of SAP can be affected by herbicide leaching into soils. The membrane structure of SAP would be damaged by herbicide molecule, changing the surface microtopography of SAP and reducing water absorption characteristics. In this paper, a SAP frequently used in agriculture was selected as the experimental object, of which solid particle is yellow with diameter 1.0-2.0 mm, the deionized water absorption amount is 100-700 g/g and the 0.9% NaCl solution absorption amount more than 32 g/g. Three common herbicides(Atrazine,Alachlor and Tribenuron-methyl)with three mass concentration(0.5, 1, 2 mg/L) were selected as the influencing factors. Actual water absorbing capacity of SAP in deionized water and different Herbicide solution were tested by the filtration method with 100 mesh sieve. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis was used to obtain the surface microtopography characteristic of SAP, and fractal analysis was used to study quantitative effects of three Herbicideon on its surface microtopography at the swelling equilibrium point. It was observed that the overlapping shape occurred in the surface of dry SAP particle and the porous structure in the surface of SAP hydrogel. Alachlor and Tribenuron-methyl(0.5, 1, 2 mg/L)reduced water absorption amount and single fractal dimension of surface microtopography, but reductions were not obvious because the three-dimensional network of SAP was kept relatively intact. However, Atrazine significantly changed the surface microtopography characteristic of SAP , and the bigger the mass concentration of Atrazine, the smaller the water absorption amount of SAP. The membrane structure was destroyed with the concentration of Atrazine at 2 mg/L. Relative to deionized water, the water absorption amount in Atrazine (2 mg/L) was reduced by 9.64%. Single fractal dimension and multifractal spectrum singularity index span decreased with increasing mass concentration of Atrazine, showing the more uniformity of its surface pores distribution, the smaller complexity of its network structure. This research provides a quantitative analytical method to study effects of the herbicide on water absorption characteristic of SAP by using scanning electron microscope and fractal methods.