农业工程学报
農業工程學報
농업공정학보
2013年
4期
222-228
,共7页
邓月超%全贞花%赵耀华%王林成%叶三宝
鄧月超%全貞花%趙耀華%王林成%葉三寶
산월초%전정화%조요화%왕림성%협삼보
太阳能热水器%太阳能集热器%热管%微热管阵列%热性能
太暘能熱水器%太暘能集熱器%熱管%微熱管陣列%熱性能
태양능열수기%태양능집열기%열관%미열관진렬%열성능
solar water heaters%solar collectors%heat pipes%micro heat pipe array%thermal performance
为了检验一种新型平板太阳能热水器的性能,该文对其核心部件—基于微热管阵列的集热器及其组成的热水器进行了热性能试验.集热器热性能测试结果表明,微热管阵列平板太阳能集热器瞬时效率的斜率为4.7,截距为0.80,分别优于国家标准要求值11.0%和22.3%.在满足测试要求的天气情况下,对微热管阵列平板太阳能热水器进行的多次热性能测试结果表明,热水器的日有效得热量均高于国家标准要求值,日平均集热效率均高于60%.同时,该热水器具有承压能力强、无炸裂、轻巧、成本低、无需焊接、抗冻性能好、易于建筑一体化等优势.基于微热管阵列的平板太阳能热水器由于性能优异,并能克服现有太阳能热水器的缺点,具有广阔的应用前景.
為瞭檢驗一種新型平闆太暘能熱水器的性能,該文對其覈心部件—基于微熱管陣列的集熱器及其組成的熱水器進行瞭熱性能試驗.集熱器熱性能測試結果錶明,微熱管陣列平闆太暘能集熱器瞬時效率的斜率為4.7,截距為0.80,分彆優于國傢標準要求值11.0%和22.3%.在滿足測試要求的天氣情況下,對微熱管陣列平闆太暘能熱水器進行的多次熱性能測試結果錶明,熱水器的日有效得熱量均高于國傢標準要求值,日平均集熱效率均高于60%.同時,該熱水器具有承壓能力彊、無炸裂、輕巧、成本低、無需銲接、抗凍性能好、易于建築一體化等優勢.基于微熱管陣列的平闆太暘能熱水器由于性能優異,併能剋服現有太暘能熱水器的缺點,具有廣闊的應用前景.
위료검험일충신형평판태양능열수기적성능,해문대기핵심부건—기우미열관진렬적집열기급기조성적열수기진행료열성능시험.집열기열성능측시결과표명,미열관진렬평판태양능집열기순시효솔적사솔위4.7,절거위0.80,분별우우국가표준요구치11.0%화22.3%.재만족측시요구적천기정황하,대미열관진렬평판태양능열수기진행적다차열성능측시결과표명,열수기적일유효득열량균고우국가표준요구치,일평균집열효솔균고우60%.동시,해열수기구유승압능력강、무작렬、경교、성본저、무수한접、항동성능호、역우건축일체화등우세.기우미열관진렬적평판태양능열수기유우성능우이,병능극복현유태양능열수기적결점,구유엄활적응용전경.
A novel flat plate solar water heater based on the micro heat pipe array (MHPA) was invented, and the experiments were carried out on the MHPA heat collector and water heater to test their thermal performance. Owing to its distinctive structure, the MHPA has good heat transfer ability, high reliability, high compressive strength and low cost. The structure and character of the novel collector with MHPA as the high-efficiency heat transfer element are as follows. First, the contact surface between the absorber and the MHPA is so large that the heat resistance is smaller than the traditional one, thus its thermal transfer capability is greatly improved. Second, the condenser section of the MHPA is connected closely to the heat exchanger with dry type. The heat pipes do not contact with water, which precludes scaling and leakage in the collector. Third, the MHPA uses low freezing points of the refrigerants, which makes the collector more suitable for extremely cold areas. Fourth, the MHPA is made of aluminum instead of copper, which could reduce the fabrication cost significantly. Fifth, the unique heat exchanger could exclude water easily, which could prevent the frozen cracking of the collector in winter. Consequently, compared with other conventional evacuated glass tube solar water heaters, the novel flat plate solar water heater offers the additional benefits of high compressive strength, light weight, high reliability and durability, easy integration into buildings, and resistance to freezing during the winter months. Compared with traditional sheet-and-tube structure flat plate solar water heaters, this novel solar water heater also demonstrates many advantages: lower cost, absence of welding, resistance to freezing. The experiments focused on the novel collector's instantaneous efficiency. The test results for the collector's instantaneous efficiency show that the slope and intercept of the instantaneous efficiency curve are 4.7 and 0.80 respectively, which are 11.0% and 22.3% superior to the technical data of the Chinese national standard. The high maximum instantaneous efficiency can be attributed to high transmittance of the glass cover and good absorption of the absorber, as well as great performance of micro heat pipe array. Due to the excellent isothermal characteristic of the MHPA, the absorber have uniform temperature field so that the heat loss by natural convection in the collector is reduced, thus the novel flat plate solar collector have relatively low heat loss factor. The low emissivity of absorber film also reduces the radioactive heat transfer between the absorber and glass cover. Finally, a detailed experimental study focusing on the thermal performance for the novel flat plate solar water heater based on the MHPA is conducted during daytime over several days. The test results show that the effective heat gain per contour aperture area for the novel flat plate solar water heater are higher than that of the Chinese national standard, and all of the average daily thermal efficiency are higher than 60%. Therefore, the flat plate solar water heater based on the MHPA has the broad application prospect because of its excellent performance.