CAJ | 학술논문

面对近年来漓江出现水资源短缺、植被退化等生态问题,研究漓江流域水陆交错带植被、土壤特性空间分异规律,旨在为漓江水陆交错带植被恢复、景观美化、典型湿地的保护管理及其可持续利用等方面提供科学依据.该研究以喀斯特地貌漓江流域水陆交错带为研究区域,通过对水陆交错带4个典型梯度带植被与土壤调查,分析其分布及两者相关关系,结果表明:随着河岸梯度高程增加,植被丰富度、多样性、均匀度、优势度和覆盖度呈现递增趋势,分别由0递增至9.500、1.742、0.774、0.786、0.673;土壤容重由1.065 g/cm3先增加至1.352 g/cm3,后下降至1.257 g/cm3,呈现先增后减趋势;砂粒含量明显下降,粉黏粒含量显著增加;土壤有机质质量分数由25.522 mg/kg先下降至15.634 mg/kg,后增加至26.148 mg/kg,呈现先减后增趋势;全氮质量分数由0.399 g/kg增至0.556 g/kg;有效磷质量分数由13.930 mg/kg降低至4.685 mg/kg.漓江水陆交错带喀斯特碱性土壤pH值与全氮含量相关系数为0.628,呈显著负相关;与有效磷含量相关系数为0.942,呈极显著正相关.植被丰富度、多样性、均匀度、优势度和覆盖度与土壤粉粒含量、黏粒含量、全氮含量以及有机质含量呈现正相关关系,与砂粒含量、土壤容重、pH值、有效磷含量呈现负相关;研究结果还显示,全氮含量是对植被生长影响最大的土壤因子.规范漓江沿岸居民行为和充分利用砾石河滩现有条件进行适当开发均有助于漓江水陆交错带的植被恢复.
면대근년래리강출현수자원단결、식피퇴화등생태문제,연구리강류역수륙교착대식피、토양특성공간분이규률,지재위리강수륙교착대식피회복、경관미화、전형습지적보호관리급기가지속이용등방면제공과학의거.해연구이객사특지모리강류역수륙교착대위연구구역,통과대수륙교착대4개전형제도대식피여토양조사,분석기분포급량자상관관계,결과표명:수착하안제도고정증가,식피봉부도、다양성、균균도、우세도화복개도정현체증추세,분별유0체증지9.500、1.742、0.774、0.786、0.673;토양용중유1.065 g/cm3선증가지1.352 g/cm3,후하강지1.257 g/cm3,정현선증후감추세;사립함량명현하강,분점립함량현저증가;토양유궤질질량분수유25.522 mg/kg선하강지15.634 mg/kg,후증가지26.148 mg/kg,정현선감후증추세;전담질량분수유0.399 g/kg증지0.556 g/kg;유효린질량분수유13.930 mg/kg강저지4.685 mg/kg.리강수륙교착대객사특감성토양pH치여전담함량상관계수위0.628,정현저부상관;여유효린함량상관계수위0.942,정겁현저정상관.식피봉부도、다양성、균균도、우세도화복개도여토양분립함량、점립함량、전담함량이급유궤질함량정현정상관관계,여사립함량、토양용중、pH치、유효린함량정현부상관;연구결과환현시,전담함량시대식피생장영향최대적토양인자.규범리강연안거민행위화충분이용력석하탄현유조건진행괄당개발균유조우리강수륙교착대적식피회복.
In the face of ecological problems such as the shortage of water and vegetation degeneration occurred in the Li River in recent years. Research on the spatial distribution of vegetation and soil in aquatic-terrestrial ecotones in Li River aims to provide a scientific basis to vegetation restoration, landscaping, wetland protection and management and its sustainable use in aquatic-terrestrial ecotones of the Li River. This paper mainly studies aquatic-terrestrial ecotones in the Li River, which belongs to a Karst landform. According to the elevation and vegetation types of aquatic-terrestrial ecotones, we divided the study area into four gradient zones including gravel beach, grassland, shrub-grass land, and open forestland. By investigating the spatial distribution of soil and vegetation in four typical gradient zones and analyzing their distribution and correlation, the results showed that with the increase of riverbank gradient elevation, vegetation abundance, diversity trend (Shannon-Wiener plant diversity), evenness (Pielou index), dominance (Simpson index) and coverage presented an increasing trend, the number of species had become increasingly diverse, and species composition structure had become complicated. Soil bulk density increased initially and then decreased. Sand content declined significantly. Silt and clay content increased significantly, which was related to the improvement effect of vegetation. Soil organic matter decreased initially and then increased. Total nitrogen content continuously increased. Available phosphorus content presented a reducing trend that was unnatural, related to non-point source pollution on the shore of Li River, and regulating the residents’behavior is necessary. The alkaline soil pH of Karst ecotone was negatively correlated with total nitrogen content while it was positive correlated with available phosphorus content. Soil properties influence vegetation diversity. The results showed that vegetation abundance, diversity trend, evenness, dominance and coverage were positively correlated with the content of silt, clay, total nitrogen and soil organic matter, but negatively with sand content, soil bulk density, soil pH and available phosphorus content. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that the total nitrogen content was one soil factor that had the largest influence on vegetation growth. Having higher soil-nutrient content, gravel beach had considerable potential for vegetation restoration, and it was a key area in the aquatic-terrestrial ecotones. Making full use of gravel beach can be helpful to the vegetation restoration in aquatic-terrestrial ecotones in the Li River.