CAJ | 학술논문

统计分析与数值模拟的江苏省沿海地区冬季风场状况显示,近地层风场对海表温度与低层气温的季节性以及短时过程演变都有显著响应.风速场表现为风速自内陆向海上增加,等值线与海岸线走向一致,风速梯度在沿海岸线的近海最强.季节性特征为:夏季低风速频次多,冬季高风速频次多;随着高度的增加,相同等级的大风风速在冬季出现频次明显高于夏季.寒潮入侵时,江苏自北向南气温降温幅度递减,海温响应的演变趋势类似,但降温幅度小.具有冷锋与副冷锋的寒潮降温呈三个阶段:(1)先缓降后速降,(2)弱回升,(3)再次降温.大风伴随降温,风速的明显减弱滞后于气温的速降,随着气温回升风速增大,对应副冷锋的降温风速有二次滞后减弱.当近海 SST 数值增大后,海上风速极大值区强度减弱.同一纬度上,内陆地区风速增加,近海海域风速减小,大值中心仍处于江苏近海海上.当低层气温温差加大、冷锋强度增强时,气旋式风场的切变线后方的风向由偏西北转为偏北风,整体风场的响应强度增大,大值风速带主要位于江苏沿海中部.
통계분석여수치모의적강소성연해지구동계풍장상황현시,근지층풍장대해표온도여저층기온적계절성이급단시과정연변도유현저향응.풍속장표현위풍속자내륙향해상증가,등치선여해안선주향일치,풍속제도재연해안선적근해최강.계절성특정위:하계저풍속빈차다,동계고풍속빈차다;수착고도적증가,상동등급적대풍풍속재동계출현빈차명현고우하계.한조입침시,강소자북향남기온강온폭도체감,해온향응적연변추세유사,단강온폭도소.구유랭봉여부랭봉적한조강온정삼개계단:(1)선완강후속강,(2)약회승,(3)재차강온.대풍반수강온,풍속적명현감약체후우기온적속강,수착기온회승풍속증대,대응부랭봉적강온풍속유이차체후감약.당근해 SST 수치증대후,해상풍속겁대치구강도감약.동일위도상,내륙지구풍속증가,근해해역풍속감소,대치중심잉처우강소근해해상.당저층기온온차가대、랭봉강도증강시,기선식풍장적절변선후방적풍향유편서북전위편북풍,정체풍장적향응강도증대,대치풍속대주요위우강소연해중부.
According to statistical analysis and numerical modeling, it is shown that low-layer winds response significantly to the seasonal and short-term changes of sea surface temperature and low-layer temperature. The wind is small inland and increases towards the sea, with the isolines in parallel with the coast line and becoming the densest near the coast. The wind is the slowest in summer and fastest in winter. With the increase of heights, winds of the same level of force occur much more frequently in winter than in summer. During a cold wave event, the strength of cold air descends from the northern part of Jiangsu to the southern part, and the SST responses in a similar way but with a smaller magnitude. Cold waves that are marked with a main and a secondary cold front experience three stages in which temperature (1) drops gradually and then rapidly, (2) mildly rises, and (3) remarkably drops again. High winds are accompanied with temperature drops, and the decrease of wind speed lags behind that of temperature. With the increase of temperature, wind speed increases. In association with to the temperature drop caused by the second cold front, wind speed reduces again afterwards. When offshore SST increases, maximum wind speed weakens at sea. At the same latitude, wind speeds increase inland and decreases at sea, but large-value centers remain just offshore. When low-layer temperature difference increases and cold fronts increase, wind direction changes to north from northwest in the area behind the cyclone shear line. The wind strength increases the overall wind field, and the maximum wind speed zone is located in the middle part of Jiangsu coast.