热带气象学报
熱帶氣象學報
열대기상학보
2012年
6期
945-952
,共8页
卢伟萍%李江南%梁维亮%林振敏%黄嘉宏%林宗桂
盧偉萍%李江南%樑維亮%林振敏%黃嘉宏%林宗桂
로위평%리강남%량유량%림진민%황가굉%림종계
大气辐射传输%光谱响应%敏感性分析%示踪信号%图像纹理%晴空区导风
大氣輻射傳輸%光譜響應%敏感性分析%示蹤信號%圖像紋理%晴空區導風
대기복사전수%광보향응%민감성분석%시종신호%도상문리%청공구도풍
Beibu Gulf%sea breeze front%rainstorm%numerical model
利用非静力中尺度模式 MM5对2008年6月5日北部湾一次引发大暴雨过程的海风锋系统进行模拟研究,结果表明:(1)模式成功模拟出了降水落区、强度及时间变化;此次强降水天气过程是由于海陆风环流引发的中小尺度海风锋系统所造成.(2)日出至午后14时,北部湾沿海区域,伴随着西南强风气流和出海高压后部的东南风气流,来自印度洋海域和南海海域的两股相对高温、高湿空气在与内陆相对较干较冷的空气相遇,来自洋面的两股暖平流叠加,造成温度梯度增大;暖湿气流堆积后,不稳定能量增加,激发了对流运动,引发海风锋生.降水区域大致位于两个不稳定能量轴之间,随着能量轴的移动而移动,同时能量轴在不断深入内陆的过程中不断消耗减弱,降水强度随着减弱.(3)此次海风锋发生、发展和消亡的整个过程集中在日出至14时前后,海陆温度的分布是由暖海冷陆转变成暖陆冷海的过程中.海风锋的整个垂直对流尺度大约在5 km,主要的对流发生在950~800 hPa 层(约0.6~2.0 km),水平尺度约40~60 km,是一种近地面层的中-β尺度系统.(4)海风锋自海岸线向内陆的入侵过程中强度逐渐减小.空气流厚度紧靠锋面处较低,其后迅速增大,锋面过后空气流厚度缓慢减小,充分表现出海风锋结构上存在的一个隆起的“头”的特征.
利用非靜力中呎度模式 MM5對2008年6月5日北部灣一次引髮大暴雨過程的海風鋒繫統進行模擬研究,結果錶明:(1)模式成功模擬齣瞭降水落區、彊度及時間變化;此次彊降水天氣過程是由于海陸風環流引髮的中小呎度海風鋒繫統所造成.(2)日齣至午後14時,北部灣沿海區域,伴隨著西南彊風氣流和齣海高壓後部的東南風氣流,來自印度洋海域和南海海域的兩股相對高溫、高濕空氣在與內陸相對較榦較冷的空氣相遇,來自洋麵的兩股暖平流疊加,造成溫度梯度增大;暖濕氣流堆積後,不穩定能量增加,激髮瞭對流運動,引髮海風鋒生.降水區域大緻位于兩箇不穩定能量軸之間,隨著能量軸的移動而移動,同時能量軸在不斷深入內陸的過程中不斷消耗減弱,降水彊度隨著減弱.(3)此次海風鋒髮生、髮展和消亡的整箇過程集中在日齣至14時前後,海陸溫度的分佈是由暖海冷陸轉變成暖陸冷海的過程中.海風鋒的整箇垂直對流呎度大約在5 km,主要的對流髮生在950~800 hPa 層(約0.6~2.0 km),水平呎度約40~60 km,是一種近地麵層的中-β呎度繫統.(4)海風鋒自海岸線嚮內陸的入侵過程中彊度逐漸減小.空氣流厚度緊靠鋒麵處較低,其後迅速增大,鋒麵過後空氣流厚度緩慢減小,充分錶現齣海風鋒結構上存在的一箇隆起的“頭”的特徵.
이용비정력중척도모식 MM5대2008년6월5일북부만일차인발대폭우과정적해풍봉계통진행모의연구,결과표명:(1)모식성공모의출료강수락구、강도급시간변화;차차강강수천기과정시유우해륙풍배류인발적중소척도해풍봉계통소조성.(2)일출지오후14시,북부만연해구역,반수착서남강풍기류화출해고압후부적동남풍기류,래자인도양해역화남해해역적량고상대고온、고습공기재여내륙상대교간교랭적공기상우,래자양면적량고난평류첩가,조성온도제도증대;난습기류퇴적후,불은정능량증가,격발료대류운동,인발해풍봉생.강수구역대치위우량개불은정능량축지간,수착능량축적이동이이동,동시능량축재불단심입내륙적과정중불단소모감약,강수강도수착감약.(3)차차해풍봉발생、발전화소망적정개과정집중재일출지14시전후,해륙온도적분포시유난해랭륙전변성난륙랭해적과정중.해풍봉적정개수직대류척도대약재5 km,주요적대류발생재950~800 hPa 층(약0.6~2.0 km),수평척도약40~60 km,시일충근지면층적중-β척도계통.(4)해풍봉자해안선향내륙적입침과정중강도축점감소.공기류후도긴고봉면처교저,기후신속증대,봉면과후공기류후도완만감소,충분표현출해풍봉결구상존재적일개륭기적“두”적특정.
Using MM5, a mesoscale model, the sea breeze front (SBF) inducing a rainstorm process in Beibu Gulf on 5 June 2008 was simulated. The results show as follows. (1) The model successfully simulated the area, intensity and time of rainfall. The heavy precipitation process was caused by an SBF in a small-scale circulation system under the environmental background field with such synoptic scale systems as a high-altitude ridge, southwest monsoon, and low-level jet. (2) From sunrise to 14: 00, two relatively hot, humid airstreams separately from the Indian Ocean and South China Sea encounter relatively dry inland cold air in the coastal areas of Beibu Gulf. The warm ocean advection superimposed, increasing temperature gradients. With the accumulation of warm air, instable energy increases the stimulated convection, resulting in sea breeze frontogenesis. A precipitation zone is located roughly between two axises of unstable energy. The energy axis weakened continuously while moving inland, the intensity of precipitation diminished. (3) The vertical scale of this SBF is about 5 km, with convection mainly occurring in the 950~800 hPa layer, and a horizontal scale of about 40~60 km, belonging to a mesoscale system in the near-surface layer. (4) The intensity of SBF is decreasing during the process of its movement from coastline to inland. The thickness of the air flow demonstrates a bulge, i.e. the structure of a "head" feature. In the "head" part there is a relatively dry zone that is surrounded by nearly saturated moist air and corresponds with the updrafts center.