CAJ | 학술논문

过剩通勤是评价城市通勤效率与职住空间关系的重要研究方法,自上世纪80年代提出以来,引发了大量关于城市通勤效率和城市交通与土地利用关系的实证研究.近年来,中国城市快速空间重构背景下的职住分离和交通拥堵问题也引起了学者们的关注,但是,过剩通勤研究在我国还处于起步阶段.文章首先回顾了过剩通勤概念的提出和基本假设,总结了过剩通勤研究的方法论进展,重点归纳了过剩通勤的形成机制以及在相关政策上的应用.在此基础上,文章最后提出了过剩通勤理论对转型期中国城市通勤效率变化及其影响机制研究的启示与借鉴.
과잉통근시평개성시통근효솔여직주공간관계적중요연구방법,자상세기80년대제출이래,인발료대량관우성시통근효솔화성시교통여토지이용관계적실증연구.근년래,중국성시쾌속공간중구배경하적직주분리화교통옹도문제야인기료학자문적관주,단시,과잉통근연구재아국환처우기보계단.문장수선회고료과잉통근개념적제출화기본가설,총결료과잉통근연구적방법론진전,중점귀납료과잉통근적형성궤제이급재상관정책상적응용.재차기출상,문장최후제출료과잉통근이론대전형기중국성시통근효솔변화급기영향궤제연구적계시여차감.
Excess commuting is the additional journey-to-work travel represented by the difference between the actual observed average commute and the theoretical minimum av-erage commute, given the spatial configuration of workplace and residential sites. Re-search on excess commuting has been carried out over the last 30 years since the semi-nal contribution of Hamilton. Since its proposal in the 1980s, excess commuting has stimulated a great volume of empirical studies on measuring and evaluating the urban commuting efficiency in western cities and has been considered as a strategic useful tool for addressing transport and planning policies with respect to the jobs–housing balance, environmental and other social issues. Similar phenomena of home-work separation and traffic congestion in Chinese cities have also attracted increasing attention from scholars, but the study of excess commuting is still at an initial stage in China. This article pre-sents a review of the excess commuting study in western countries, starting with an overview of the formation and development of the concept of excess commuting. The au-thor also overviewed the methodological issuess concerning excess commuting. Then the paper discusses its application on addressing transport and planning policies with respect to the jobs–housing balance, environmental and other social issues. In the end, some en-lightenments are given to the research of urban commuting efficiency in China.