CAJ | 학술논문

基于河流天然径流的变化特征和生态水文过程对径流的年内动态需求,提出了一种新的河道基本生态需水计算方法——生态需水年内展布计算法.该方法选取河流天然径流过程的特征变量来确定与量化同期均值比,并结合多年月均径流过程进行河道基本生态需水量的年内过程计算,弥补了传统水文学法以多年平均径流量的特定百分率或者天然径流量频率曲线上的特定保证率作为水文指标进行生态需水量计算的不足.以淮河干流的河道基本生态需水量年内过程计算为例,并同时与Tennant法、最小月均径流过程作对比.计算结果表明:在Tennant法的评价标准中所对应的河道状态与河道基本生态需水概念界定的生态功能目标相一致,并较好地体现了河流天然径流的年内丰枯变化过程,能够满足河流生态功能目标对径流的实际需求.本文方法计算结果较为合理,符合实际情况.
기우하류천연경류적변화특정화생태수문과정대경류적년내동태수구,제출료일충신적하도기본생태수수계산방법——생태수수년내전포계산법.해방법선취하류천연경류과정적특정변량래학정여양화동기균치비,병결합다년월균경류과정진행하도기본생태수수량적년내과정계산,미보료전통수문학법이다년평균경류량적특정백분솔혹자천연경류량빈솔곡선상적특정보증솔작위수문지표진행생태수수량계산적불족.이회하간류적하도기본생태수수량년내과정계산위례,병동시여Tennant법、최소월균경류과정작대비.계산결과표명:재Tennant법적평개표준중소대응적하도상태여하도기본생태수수개념계정적생태공능목표상일치,병교호지체현료하류천연경류적년내봉고변화과정,능구만족하류생태공능목표대경류적실제수구.본문방법계산결과교위합리,부합실제정황.
Hydrological analysis is an indispensable instrument for river ecological water requirement study. Based on the changing characteristics of natural runoff and eco-hydrological processes on runoff dynamic de?mand,this paper puts forward a new calculation method of instream basic ecological water demand,called the dynamic calculation method of ecological water demand. This method determines and computes percent of the average flow in the same periods based on the feature variables of natural runoff process, avoiding the shortage that traditional hydrological method putted the specific percentage of average annual runoff or specific guarantee rate of frequency curve of natural runoff as hydrological index to calculate instream eco?logical water demand. This paper selected the Huaihe River as a case study site. With the comparison of Tennant method and minimum monthly runoff,the calculated river ecological state corresponding to the eval?uation standard of the revised Tennant method is consistent with the ecological function target of instream basic ecological water demand. At the same time, calculation results are able to reflect the intra-annual change process of natural runoff. So, the calculated results of this new method are reasonable, and tally with the actual situation.