CAJ | 학술논문

以浙江绍兴地区曹娥江流域双季晚稻耕作区为研究对象,划分农田系统为引水系统、田间积水、排水系统等3个子系统,研究了在晚稻生长期灌溉动力作用下农田各沟渠径流氮素(总氮、硝酸盐氮、氨氮)及总磷浓度分布特征,并探索了秸秆覆盖裸田对氮、磷流失的影响.结果表明:(1)晚稻生长期间,硝酸盐氮是灌溉径流可溶性氮流失的主要形态,占总氮浓度的63.2%~92.9%.径流氨氮浓度所占比例较低,仅为5.1%~32.1%,且呈田间积水>排水系统>引水系统的分布特征;(2)晚稻生长期内农田排水系统总磷浓度是逐级下降的,降幅在14%~26%,但拔节孕穗期田间磷素流失较弱,而返青分蘖期和抽穗结实期则反之;(3)秸秆覆盖能明显减轻裸田氮素的流失,但对各沟渠径流总磷浓度影响不大.
이절강소흥지구조아강류역쌍계만도경작구위연구대상,화분농전계통위인수계통、전간적수、배수계통등3개자계통,연구료재만도생장기관개동력작용하농전각구거경류담소(총담、초산염담、안담)급총린농도분포특정,병탐색료갈간복개라전대담、린류실적영향.결과표명:(1)만도생장기간,초산염담시관개경류가용성담류실적주요형태,점총담농도적63.2%~92.9%.경류안담농도소점비례교저,부위5.1%~32.1%,차정전간적수>배수계통>인수계통적분포특정;(2)만도생장기내농전배수계통총린농도시축급하강적,강폭재14%~26%,단발절잉수기전간린소류실교약,이반청분얼기화추수결실기칙반지;(3)갈간복개능명현감경라전담소적류실,단대각구거경류총린농도영향불대.
Taking the double-cropping late rice field in the Cao’e Riven basin of Shaoxing, Zhejiang as the research object,the distribution of the concentrations of nitrogen (TN,NO3--N,NH4+-N) and TP (to?tal P) in farmland runoff from diversion system,field stagnant water,and drainage system were studied un?der the irrigation in the growing season of late rice;and the effects of straw mulch on the nitrogen and phosphorus loss in bare farmland were investigated. The results show that (1) during the growing season of late rice,the NO3--N was the main form of the dissolved nitrogen loss in irrigation runoff,which account?ed for 63.2%~92.9% of TN,while the NH4+-N only accounted for 5.1%~32.1% with an order of decreasing concentration of field stagnant water>drainage system>diversion system;(2) the TP concentration in the drainage system decreased stepwise by 14%~26% in the growing season,during which the phosphorus loss was slighter in the jointing-booting period,but was larger in the greening-tillering and heading-filling peri?ods;(3) the straw mulch on the bare farmland significantly reduced the nitrogen loss,but it showed little effect on the TP concentration in farmland runoff.