CAJ | 학술논문

土壤有机碳(SOC)是地球陆地生态系统最重要和活跃的碳库,同时又是土壤肥力和基础地力的重要的物质基础,它对于提高作物产量,减缓温室气体排放具有重要作用.灌溉农业对世界农业发展至关重要,灌溉是 SOC 含量变化的重要驱动因素之一.通过总结国内外有关 SOC 研究,在综合阐述农田 SOC 积累的影响因素基础上,重点探讨了灌溉对 SOC 的影响,分析了影响机理,指出影响 SOC 变化的因素很多,灌溉主要从降低土壤水分限制,改变土壤理化性质,影响微生物活动、淋滤作用及对土壤盐分的影响等方面对 SOC 产生作用,但不同土壤类型及发育阶段、不同灌溉水质、不同灌溉年限、不同气候以及其他环境条件下作用结果不同.目前大多数灌溉对 SOC 影响的研究缺乏机理之间内在关系的认识,模型模拟缺乏验证数据.未来应综合研究各影响因子的相互作用机理,以流域和气候区的划分为基础,选择合适的时间尺度,明确灌溉水质、气候、土壤类型等因素的综合影响,注重实测数据的积累,获得长期监测数据以期对长期灌溉地区 SOC 进行评价.
토양유궤탄(SOC)시지구륙지생태계통최중요화활약적탄고,동시우시토양비력화기출지력적중요적물질기출,타대우제고작물산량,감완온실기체배방구유중요작용.관개농업대세계농업발전지관중요,관개시 SOC 함량변화적중요구동인소지일.통과총결국내외유관 SOC 연구,재종합천술농전 SOC 적루적영향인소기출상,중점탐토료관개대 SOC 적영향,분석료영향궤리,지출영향 SOC 변화적인소흔다,관개주요종강저토양수분한제,개변토양이화성질,영향미생물활동、림려작용급대토양염분적영향등방면대 SOC 산생작용,단불동토양류형급발육계단、불동관개수질、불동관개년한、불동기후이급기타배경조건하작용결과불동.목전대다수관개대 SOC 영향적연구결핍궤리지간내재관계적인식,모형모의결핍험증수거.미래응종합연구각영향인자적상호작용궤리,이류역화기후구적화분위기출,선택합괄적시간척도,명학관개수질、기후、토양류형등인소적종합영향,주중실측수거적적루,획득장기감측수거이기대장기관개지구 SOC 진행평개.
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the most important and active C pool of terrestrial ecosystem and it is the most important component of soil fertility. On one hand, SOC play a key role in improving crop yields; on the other hand, it is conducive to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Irrigation plays a critical role in agricultural development around the world; meanwhile, irrigation is an important driving factor for the variation of SOC. This paper reviewed recent studies on SOC, the influential factors of farmland SOC accumulation are outlined, and the effects of irrigation on SOC, in addition, their mechanisms were discussed in detail. Many factors affect change in SOC, irrigation greatly affects SOC mainly resulted from lowering soil moisture limit, altering soil physical and chemical properties, affecting microbial activity, and reducing soil salinity. Moreover, impact of irrigation on SOC are different with various soil types, soil development stage, irrigation water quality, years of irrigation, climate variation, and other environmental conditions. Most of researches regarding impact of irrigation on SOC are lack of in-depth understanding of interactions between mechanisms while application of model is lack of data for validation. In the near future, more studies considering multiple driving factors should be conducted to understand the interaction mechanisms among most factors; furthermore, effort should be taken to obtain long-term monitoring data on irrigation and SOC in order to evaluate variation in SOC at a large spatial and temporal scale.